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Table 6 Assessment of risk of bias for observational studies using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale

From: Impact of Plasmodium falciparum malaria and intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy on the risk of malaria in infants: a systematic review

Author, year of publication (ref)

Selection

Comparability

Outcome

Total

Overall risk of bias

REC

SNEC

ME

DON

AME

AI

AO

FL

CF

Tassi Yunga, 2018 [34]

*

*

*

*

–

–

*

*

*

7

High

Boudova,, 2017 [40]

*

*

*

*

–

*

*

*

–

7

High

Sylvester, 2016 [41]

*

*

*

*

–

–

*

*

–

6

High

De Beaudrap, 2016 [37]

*

*

*

*

–

*

*

*

*

8

High

Apinjoh, 2015 [36]

*

*

*

*

–

–

*

*

–

6

High

Ndibazza, 2013 [39]

*

*

*

*

–

*

*

*

*

8

High

Borgella, 2013 [18]

*

*

*

*

–

*

*

*

*

8

High

Asante, 2013 [20]

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

9

Medium

Le Port, 2011 [35]

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

9

Medium

Schwarz, 2008 [17]

*

*

*

*

–

*

*

*

–

7

High

Mutabingwa, 2005 [21]

*

*

*

*

–

*

*

*

*

8

High

  1. REC representativeness of the exposed cohort, SNEC selection of the non-exposed cohort ME measurement of exposure to malaria during pregnancy, DON demonstration that the outcome of interest was not present at the start of the study, AME adjusted for malaria transmission exposure AI adjusted for IPTp or insecticide treated net use, AO assessment of the outcome FL follow-up long enough for outcome to occur, CF completeness of follow-up
  2. –, score of zero; *, score of one