Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria delivered to primary schoolchildren provided effective individual protection in Jinja, Uganda: secondary outcomes of a cluster-randomized trial (START-IPT)

Table 2 Effect of the IPT intervention on parasite prevalence in the final school survey

	n+/N	Prevalence (%)	Unadjusted risk ratio (95% CI)	p	Adjusted risk ratio (95% CI)^a	p
Intention to treat analysis
All ages
Control	241/546	44.1	1		1
Intervention	50/546	9.2	0.21 (0.14–0.30)	< 0.001	0.22 (0.16–0.30)	< 0.001
5–10 years^b
Control	122/276	44.2	1		1
Intervention	23/290	7.9	0.18 (0.12–0.28)	< 0.001	0.19 (0.13–0.29)	< 0.001
11–18 years^b
Control	119/270	44.1	1		1
Intervention	27/256	10.6	0.24 (0.16–0.36)	< 0.001	0.25 (0.17–0.37)	< 0.001
Urban area^c
Control	8/91	8.8	1		1
Intervention	8/143	5.6	0.64 (0.26–1.58)	0.33	0.65 (0.28–1.54)	0.33
Rural areas^c
Control	233/455	51.2	1		1
Intervention	42/403	10.4	0.20 (0.14–0.30)	< 0.001	0.20 (0.14–0.29)	< 0.001
Per protocol analysis
All ages
Control	241/546	44.1	1		1
Intervention	20/438	4.6	0.10 (0.06–0.17)	< 0.001	0.11 (0.07–0.17)	< 0.001
5–10 years^b
Control	122/276	44.2	1		1
Intervention	9/237	3.8	0.09 (0.04–0.17)	< 0.001	0.09 (0.05–0.19)	< 0.001
11–18 years^b
Control	119/270	44.1	1		1
Intervention	11/201	5.5	0.12 (0.07–0.24)	< 0.001	0.12 (0.06–0.23)	< 0.001
Urban area^c
Control	8/91	8.8	1		1
Intervention	5/106	4.7	0.54 (0.19–1.53)	0.24	0.49 (0.18–1.38)	0.18
Rural areas^c
Control	233/455	51.2	1		1
Intervention	15/332	4.5	0.09 (0.05–0.16)	< 0.001	0.09 (0.05–0.15)	< 0.001

^an = 1091, excluded one child with missing bednet information. Adjusted for age group (5–10, 11–18 years); baseline community parasite prevalence (quartiles: 0–13%, 13.01–25%, 25.01–33%, > 33%); sex; bednet use (slept under a bednet the previous night); and region (urban area vs rural areas)
^bp-value for interaction between trial arm and age group: Intention-to-treat analysis p = 0.18 for the unadjusted model and p = 0.36 for the adjusted model; per-protocol analysis p = 0.41 for the unadjusted model and p = 0.53 for the adjusted model
^cp-value for interaction between trial arm and region: Intention-to-treat analysis p = 0.02 for unadjusted model and p = 0.09 for adjusted model; per-protocol analysis p = 0.003 for the unadjusted model and p = 0.016 for the adjusted model

ISSN: 1475-2875