Table 7 Evaluation of toxicity of nanoparticles synthesized
Authors [Reference] | Used methods | Results |
|---|---|---|
Kharthik et al. [61] | Brine shrimp lethality assay | No toxicity up to 8Â mg/kg/bw |
Histological analysis | Tissue damages were reported at doses 12, 16 and 20Â mg/kg/bw | |
Search for any signs of toxicity | Deaths, behavioural changes, changes in physical appearance observed at doses 8, 12, 16 and 20Â mg/kg/bw | |
Mishra et al. [49] | Haemolysis assay | No signs of haemolysis up to 40 µg/mL (MHC10 > 40 µg/mL) |
Rajakumar et al. [51] | MTT assay using Hep-G2 cell line | Cellular toxicity (necrosis and cytopathic effects) of 8.5%, 24%, 48%, 65% and 76.5% at doses 1, 10, 100, 250 and 500 µg/mL respectively (more toxic than Pd (OAc)2 and plant extract) |
Jaganathan et al. [62] | MTT assay using Hep-G2 cell line | Viability of Hep-G2 cells decreased when tested doses of NPs increased (IC50 = 25.96 µg/mL) |
Apoptosis assay | NPs induced apoptosis which increased significantly from 1.6 to 7.8% at doses 1.88 µg/mL and 30 µg/mL respectively | |
Dutta et al. [57] | MTT assay using HeLa and L6 lines | Insignificant toxicity against the both cell lines (IC50 > 200 µg/mL and > 250 µg/mL) |
Gandhi et al. [59] | Non-target organism assay | NPs did not exhibit any noticeable toxicity on Poecilia reticulata after 24Â h of exposure |
Rotimi et al. [60] | Keusch et al. assay using HeLa lines | NPs were not toxic (% cell viability 89.66% ± 1.55%) |