Table 4 Malaria PCR prevalence among plantation workers (adjusted for survey design) and odds of being infected, by risk factor

Round

 Round 1 (June 2014)

0.9 (0.4–1.7)

1

1

 Round 2 (October 2014)

1.1 (0.6–2.1)

1.3 (0.5–3.3)

1.2 (0.4–3.7) 

Gender

 Male

1.3 (0.8–2.1)

1

1

 Female

0.5 (0.3–1.1)

0.4 (0.2–0.8)

0.4 (0.2–0.9) 

Age group (years)

 15–30

1.6 (1.0–2.4)

1

1

 31+

0.4 (0.2–0.7)

0.2 (0.1–0.4)

0.2 (0.1–0.4)

Education

 No or some primary

0.9 (0.6–1.6)

1

 Some Secondary

1.1 (0.6–2.1)

1.2 (0.6–2.2)

 Completed secondary or higher

0.8 (0.3–2.2)

0.9 (0.3–2.4)

Residence status

 Temporary

1.2 (0.7–2.1)

1

1

 Permanent

0.9 (0.5–1.6)

0.7 (0.3–1.5)

0.9 (0.5–1.8)

Type of house

 House

1.3 (0.8–2.0)

1

 Barrack

0.6 (0.2–1.4)

0.4 (0.1–1.2)

 Tent or temporary structure

1.7 (0.7–4.4)

1.4 (0.5–3.9)

Reported habitual use of treated net as a malaria prevention method at night

 Yes

0.5 (0.3–0.9)

1

1

 No

1.4 (0.8–2.2)

2.8 (1.5–5.6)

2.9 (1.3–6.4)

Use of treated net the previous night

 Yes

0.6 (0.3–1.2)

1

 No

1.3 (0.7–2.4)

2.2 (0.9–5.6)

Forest exposure in the previous month

 Yes

0.9 (0.4–2.0)

1

1

 No

1.0 (0.6–1.6)

1.0 (0.5–2.3)

1.4 (0.6–3.4)

Overnight forest exposure in last 1 month

 Yes

2.2 (0.4–12.1)

1

 No

0.9 (0.6–1.5)

0.4 (0.1–2.5)

Main Daytime work

 Tapping rubber

1.0 (0.5–2.1)

1

 Planting/caring for young plants

1.0 (0.5–1.8)

1.0 (0.4–2.7)

 Clearing forest

0.4 (0.1–1.4)

0.4 (0.1–1.8)

 Other

1.1 (0.4–2.5)

1.0 (0.4–3.0)

Main Night time work

 Tapping rubber

1.1 (0.5–2.4)

1

 Does not work

0.9 (0.5–1.6)

0.8 (0.3–2.0)

 Other

0.5 (0.1–2.1)

0.5 (0.1–2.1)

Travel outside of the commune in the previous 1 month

 Yes

1.7 (0.9–3.5)

1

1

 No

0.8 (0.4–1.3)

0.4 (0.2–1.0)

0.4 (0.2–0.8)

Plantation size square root increase

–

0.9 (0.7–1.1)

0.9 (0.7–1.2)

Age of plantation in years

0.98 (0.85–1.14)

Forest cover in surrounding 5 km buffer zone of plantation

1.7 (0.9–3.3)

1.6 (0.8–3.2)