Criterion | Specification |
---|---|
Impaired consciousness | Glasgow coma scale (GCS) < 11 |
Multiple convulsions | > 2 convulsions within 24 h |
Respiratory distress or acidotic breathing | Requirement of non-invasive or endotracheal mechanical ventilation or respiratory rate ≥ 40 breaths/min on room air |
Circulatory collapse or shock | Systolic blood pressure < 80 mm Hg or ≤ 80 mm Hg despite volume repletion |
Acute pulmonary oedema | Confirmed radiologically |
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) | Lung injury of acute onset, within 1 week of an apparent clinical insult and with progression of respiratory symptoms; bilateral opacities on chest imaging not explained by other lung pathology (e.g. pleural effusion, pneumothorax, or nodules); respiratory failure not explained by heart failure or volume overload; decreased arterial PaO2/FiO2 ratio (≤ 300 mmHg) |
Renal impairment | Plasma or serum creatinine > 3 mg/dl (> 265 µmol/l) |
Metabolic acidosis | pH < 7.25 or plasma bicarbonate < 15 mmol/l or lactate > 5 mmol/l or ≥ 45 mg/dl |
Jaundice | Bilirubin > 50 µmol/l or > 3 mg/dl together with circulatory instability, respiratory distress, impaired consciousness, severe coagulopathy, or acute kidney injury |
Malaria-induced anaemia | Haemoglobin level < 70 g/l or haematocrit < 20% not related to other causes than malaria |
Abnormal bleeding | Including recurrent or prolonged bleeding from the nose, gums, venepuncture sites, hematemesis or melaena |
Macroscopic haemoglobinuria | Macroscopic haemoglobinuria related to malaria |
Hypoglycaemia | Blood glucose level < 40 mg/dl (< 2.2 µmol/l) |
Hyperparasitaemia | > 5% parasitized erythrocytes |