Chronic co-morbidity | No. (%) of patients | P valuea | OR (95% CI) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (n = 536) | Non severe malaria (n = 468) | Severe malaria (n = 68) | Unadjustedb | Adjustedc | ||
No. of co-morbidities | ||||||
0 | 441 (82.3) | 394 (84.2) | 47 (69.1) | < 0.002 | 1 (Ref) | |
1 | 61 (11.4) | 50 (10.7) | 11 (16.2) | 0.183 | 1.844 (0.898–3.787) | |
2 | 29 (5.4) | 20 (4.3) | 9 (13.2) | 0.002 | 3.772 (1.624–8.765) | |
3 | 5 (0.9) | 4 (0.9) | 1 (1.5) | 0.625 | 2.096 (0.229–19.15) | |
Seriousness of underlying disorders (CA-CCI) | ||||||
≥ 2 | 110 (20.5) | 85 (18.2) | 25 (36.8) | < 0.001 | 2.83 (1.644–4.871) | |
Nutritional status | ||||||
BMI, median (range) | 24.5 (18.0–39.2) | 24.6 (18.0–39.2) | 24.4 (18.0–34.9) | 0.388 | ||
Obesityd | 24 (9.8) | 19 (9.9) | 5 (9.4) | 0.920 | 1.054 (0.374–2.970) | |
Individual diseases | ||||||
Cardiovascular disease | 12 (2.2) | 5 (1.1) | 7 (10.3) | < 0.001 | 8.961 (2.656–30.234) | 8.197 (2.300–29.216) |
Hypertension | 43 (9.2) | 30 (6.4) | 13 (19.1) | < 0.001 | 4.447 (2.233 -8.857) | 3.061 (1.335–7.021) |
Pulmonary disease | 13 (2.4) | 12 (2.6) | 1 (1.5) | 0.567 | 1.763 (0.226–13.779) | |
History of or active smoking | 31 (5.8) | 24 (5.1) | 7 (10.3) | 0.088 | 2.123 (0.878–5.136) | |
Endocrine/metabolic disordere | 31 (5.8) | 26 (5.6) | 5 (7.4) | 0.553 | 1.715 (0.677–4.345) | |
Diabetes mellitus | 16 (3.0) | 14 (3.0) | 2 (2.9) | 0.982 | 1.615 (0.448–5.822) | |
Dyslipidaemia | 6 (1.1) | 3 (0.6) | 3 (4.4) | 0.006 | 7.154 (1.414–36.193) | 6.082 (1.125–32.876) |
Metabolic syndromef | 5 (0.9) | 3 (0.6) | 2 (2.9) | 0.065 | 4.697 (0.770–28.634) | |
Chronic infectious diseaseg | 31 (5.8) | 23 (4.9) | 8 (11.8) | 0.024 | 2.123 (0.878–5.136) | |
HIV infection | 15 (2.8) | 10 (2.1) | 5 (7.4) | 0.015 | 2.597 (0.803–8.399) | |
Chronic hepatitis | 12 (2.2) | 9 (1.9) | 3 (4.4) | 0.195 | 1.94 (0.51–7.33) | |
Malignancy | 9 (1.7) | 6 (1.3) | 3 (4.4) | 0.042 | 3.554 (0.868–14.557) | |
Chronic renal disease | 10 (1.9) | 9 (1.9) | 1 (1.5) | 0.797 | 1.314 (0.164–10.535) | |
Alcoholism | 4 (0.7) | 1 (0.2) | 3 (4.4) | < 0.001 | 21.554 (2.209–210.303) | 19.217 (1.848–199.870) |
Gastrointestinal disorder | 4 (0.7) | 3 (0.6) | 1 (1.5) | 0.458 | 2.313 (0.237–22.564) | |
Autoimmune/rheumatoloic disorder | 4 (0.7) | 3 (0.6) | 1 (1.5) | 0.458 | 2.313 (0.237–22.564) | |
Neurologic disorder | 2 (0.4) | 2 (0.4) | – | – | – |