Fig. 4From: Genetic polymorphisms in malaria vaccine candidate Plasmodium falciparum reticulocyte-binding protein homologue-5 among populations in Lagos, NigeriaLinkage disequilibrium (LD) plot showing non-random association between nucleotide variants at different polymorphic sites on RH5. The R2 values are plotted against the nucleotide distances with two-tailed Fisher’s exact test of significance using DnaSP. The value of LD index (range from − 1 to +1) increased with increasing distance, indicating no recombination events taking place. All polymorphic sites were considered in the analysis. a Ajeromi, b Lekki, c Ijede, d totalBack to article page