Compound subclass | Isolated metabolites | Plasmodial strain (activities) | Plant species (Family), Taxon IDb | Part of the plant studied | Place of harvest (Locality, Country) | Author, references |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acyclic triterpenes | 132 and 133 | D6 (IC50 values = 27.1 and 56.1 µM, respectively) | Ekebergia capensis (Meliaceae), NCBI:txid124949 | Leaves | Gakoe forest, Kiambu County, Kenya | Irungu et al. [80] |
W2 (IC50 values = 66.9 and 64.3 µM, respectively) | ||||||
Apotirucallane triterpenoids | 134a, 135a, 136a, 137a, 138a, 139a, and 140 to 142 | NF54 (IC50 values range from 0.67 to 19.3 µM) | Entandrophragma congoense (Meliaceae), NCBI:txid2590899 | Bark | Nkomokui, Cameroon | Happi et al. [101] |
Cycloartane triterpenes | 143 to 150 | FcB1 (all IC50 values < 11 μM, the lowest value being 1.48 μM) | Neoboutonia macrocalyx (Euphorbaceae), NCBI:txid316724 | Stem bark | Kibale National Park, Uganda | Namukobe et al. [96] |
aAll new | ||||||
Lanostane triterpene | 151a | D6 (IC50 value = 257.8 nM) | Ganoderma sp. (Ganodermataceae), NCBI:txid5314 | Whole organism | Egypt | Wahba et al. [102] |
W2 (IC50 value = 2000.0 nM) | ||||||
Limonoids | 152 | D6 (IC50 value = 84.7 µM) | Ekebergia capensis (Meliaceae), NCBI:txid124949 | Leaves | Gakoe forest, Kiambu County, Kenya | Irungu et al. [80] |
W2 (IC50 value = 150.2 µM) | ||||||
153 to 157 | D6 (IC50 values range from 2.4 to 36.6 µM) | Turraea robusta (Meliaceae), NCBI:txid1899148 | Root bark | Nairobi, Kenya | Irungu et al. [95] | |
W2 (from 1.1 to 40.5 µM) | ||||||
Oleanane triterpenes | 158 to 161 | D6 (IC50 values range from 38.8 to 205.0 µM) | Ekebergia capensis (Meliaceae), NCBI:txid124949 | Leaves | Gakoe forest, Kiambu County, Kenya | Irungu et al. [80] |
W2 (IC50 values range from 76.7 to 179.4 µM) | ||||||
160 and 162 | 3D7 (IC50 values = 59.4 and 32.4 µM, respectively) | Keetia leucantha (Rubiaceae), NCBI:txid 43504 | Twigs | Adjarra-Ouémé, Benin Republic | Bero et al. [103] | |
162, 163 and 164 | D10 (IC50 values range from 3.81 to 15.54 μM) | Mimusops caffra (Sapotaceae), NCBI:txid362720 | Leaves | Durban, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa | Simelane et al. [104] | |
Tirucallane-type triterpenoids | 165a , 166a and 167 | NF54 (IC50 values range from 2.4 to 6.1 µM) | Entandrophragma congoense (Meliaceae), NCBI:txid2590899 | Bark | Nkomokui, Cameroon | Happi et al. [105] |
Protolimonoids | 168 to 170 | D6 (IC50 values range from 36.8 to 48.2 µM) | Turraea nilotica (Meliaceae), NCBI:txid992803 | Stem bark | Nairobi, Kenya | Irungu et al. [95] |
W2 (IC50 values range from 37.2 to 77.0 µM) | ||||||
Other triterpenoids (hopane-type and cycloartane-type) | 171 | NF54 (IC50 value = 112.94 μM) | Diospyros canaliculata (Ebenaceae), NCBI:txid13492 | Stem bark | Kribi, Cameroon | Lenta et al. [90] |
172 | NF54 (IC50 value = 97.73 μM) | Erythrina caffra (Papilionaceae), NCBI:txid3842 | Stem bark | Pietermaritzburg, South Africa | Chukwujekwu et al. [106] | |
173 | FcB1( IC50 value = 2.15 µM) | Neoboutonia macrocalyx (Euphorbaceae), NCBI:txid316724 | Stem bark | Kibale National Park, Uganda | Namukobe et al. [96] |