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Table 1 Likelihood of malaria infection and disease severity by age group

From: Malaria infection, disease and mortality among children and adults on the coast of Kenya

Measure

6 months–4 years

5–14 years

15–49 years

50+ years

Overall

Parasite prevalence (PR)

 % (95% CI)

10.1% (8.5, 12.0)

13.4% (12.0, 14.9)

7.1% (6.0, 8.4)

4.3% (2.8, 6.4)

9.9% (9.2, 10.7)

 n/N

136/1342

337/2523

146/2056

24/558

643/6479

Fever test positivity prevalence

 % (95% CI)

22.0% (13.8, 33.3)

35.0% (25.3, 47.1)

28.9% (18.9, 42.3)

11.4% (3.1, 29.3)

27.3% (22.7, 32.3)

 n/N

22/200

43/123

26/90

4/35

95/348

Malaria passive period prevalence

 ‰ (95% CI)

251.3‰ (241.8, 261.1)

271.0‰ (264.4, 277.7)

93.3‰ (89.8, 96.9)

47.8‰ (43.2, 52.8)

169.7‰ (166.9, 172.5)

 n/N

2628/10,456

6388/23,571

2733/29,297

394/8238

12,143/71,562

Malaria passive incidence rate

 ‰ (95% CI)

121.5‰ (114.9, 128.3)

150.1‰ (145.2, 155.2)

60.0‰ (57.3, 62.9)

33.4‰ (29.6, 37.6)

95.6‰ (93.5, 97.8)

 n/N

1270/10,456

3539/23,571

1759/29,297

275/8238

6843/71,562

Malaria admissions

 ‰ (95% CI)

4.7‰ (3.5, 6.2)

1.0‰ (0.7, 1.5)

0.07‰ (0.008, 0.2)

0.1‰ (0.003, 0.7)

1.1‰ (0.8, 1.3)

 n/N

49/10,456

24/23,571

2/29,297

1/8283

76/71,562

Severe malaria

 ‰ (95% CI)

2.9‰ (1.9, 4.1)

0.6‰ (0.3, 0.9)

0‰ (0, 0.1)

0‰ (0, 0.4)

0.6‰ (0.4, 0.8)

 n/N

30/10,456

13/23,571

0/29,297

0/8283

43/71,562

Hospital malaria deaths

 ‰ (95% CI)

0.1‰ (0.002, 0.5)

0.1‰ (0.03, 0.4)

0‰ (0, 0.1)

0‰ (0, 0.4)

0.06‰ (0.02, 0.1)

 n/N

1/10,456

3/23,571

0/29,297

0/8283

4/71,562

Hospital + InterVA malaria Deaths

 ‰ (95% CI)

0.4‰ (0.1, 1.0)

0.3‰ (0.1, 0.6)

0‰ (0, 0.1)

0‰ (0, 0.4)

0.1‰ (0.07, 0.3)

 n/N

4/10,456

6/23,571

0/29,297

0/8283

10/71,562

Hospital + interVA + imputed malaria deaths

 ‰ (95% CI)

0.6‰ (0.2, 1.2)

0.3‰ (0.09, 0.6)

0‰ (0, 0.1)

0‰ (0, 0.4)

0.2‰ (0.09, 0.3)

 n/N

6/10,456

6/23,571

0/29,297

0/8283

12/71,562

  1. Parasite prevalence was defined as the number of positive RDTs/total number of RDTs done in the community expressed per 100; fever test positivity prevalence was defined as the number positive RDTs/total number of community participants with fever (i.e. reported/measured fever); malaria passive period prevalence was defined as all cases testing RDT positive including re-attendance/person-years of observation expressed per 1000 individuals; malaria passive incidence rate was defined using records of first cases only of RDT positive patients/person-years of observation expressed per 1000 individuals; malaria admission was defined as number of episodes of malaria admissions/person-years of observation; severe malaria was defined as number of episodes of severe malaria admissions/person-years of observation (3 patients had been re-admitted to hospital with malaria each presenting twice and only one had severe malaria on both occasion); hospital malaria deaths was defined as the number of death during hospital admission attributable to malaria/person-years of observation; hospital + interVA malaria deaths was defined as the number of death attributable to malaria assigned either in the hospital or from the InterVA-4 model/person-years of observation; hospital + InterVA malaria deaths + imputed malaria deaths was defined as the number of death attributable to malaria assigned either in the hospital or from the InterVA-4 model or from multiple imputation/person-years of observation