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Table 2 Results of univariate and multivariate regression analysis of different habitat characteristics and their association with presence of An. funestus larvae

From: Aquatic habitats of the malaria vector Anopheles funestus in rural south-eastern Tanzania

Larval habitat

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

Odds (95% LC, UC)

P-values

Odds (95% LC, UC)

P-values

Water movement

 Stagnant

1

 

1

 

 Slow

1.94 [0.72, 5.21]

0.189

3.71 [0.81, 17.00]

0.091

Habitat shading (density of tree canopy)

 None

1

 

1

 

 Partial

1.16 [0.47, 2.87]

0.750

0.84 [0.22, 3.24]

0.795

 Heavy

2.53 [0.82, 7.83]

0.107

7.35 [1.04, 51.78]

< 0.05

Water depth

 Less than 50 cm

1

 

1

 

 Greater than 50 cm

2.17 [0.95, 4.96]

0.067

5.72 [1.40, 23.42]

< 0.05

Distance to human dwellings

 Less than 100 m

1

 

1

 

 Greater than 100 m

0.54 [0.21, 1.35]

0.186

0.43 [0.12, 1.49]

0.184

Water type

 Semi-permanent

1

 

1

 

 Permanent

3.16 [1.39, 7.23]

< 0.01

3.07 [0.86, 10.99]

0.085

Vegetation type

 None

1

 

1

 

 Submerged

0.73 [0.07, 7.95]

0.799

0.55 [0.21, 1.42]

0.216

 Emergent

7.63 [2.03, 28.70]

< 0.01

1.96 [0.66, 5.78]

0.966

 Floating

2.44 [0.53, 11.17]

0.249

0.92 [0.03, 31.86]

0.962

Water colour

 Clear

1

 

1

 

 Coloured

0.17 [0.06, 0.47]

< 0.001

0.10 [0.02, 0.46]

< 0.01

 Polluted

0.11 [0.01, 0.97]

< 0.05

0.15 [0.01, 1.72]

0.127

Vegetation quantity

 None

1

 

1

 

 Scarce

2.50 [0.65, 9.60]

0.182

12.62 [1.76, 90.55]

< 0.05

 Moderate

10.11 [2.31, 44.35]

< 0.01

20.03 [2.41, 166.2]

< 0.01

 Abundant

11.67 [1.79, 76.01]

< 0.05

22.96 [1.33, 395.7]

< 0.05

Algae quantity

 None

1

 

1

 

 Scarce

1.60 [0.67, 3.82]

0.293

5.40 [1.35, 21.64]

< 0.05

 Moderate

0.67 [0.13, 3.48]

0.631

0.50 [0.03, 7.97]

0.623

Habitat size

 Less than 10 m

1

 

1

 

 Between 10 and 100 m

3.10 [1.33, 7.21]

< 0.01

1.37 [0.37, 5.04]

0.638

 Greater than 100 m

3.69 [0.47, 28.78]

0.212

1.17 [0.08, 17.07]

0.910