Table 3 Unadjusted odds ratios of the association between submicroscopic P. falciparum infection and fever within strata of covariates
From: Submicroscopic malaria infection is not associated with fever in cross-sectional studies in Malawi
Characteristic | Proportion with fevera (%) | OR (95% CIb) | Proportion with objective feverc | OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Season | ||||
 Rainy | ||||
  Submicroscopic | 73/756 (9.7) | 1.22 (0.94–1.58) | 11/751 (1.5) | 1.30 (0.68–2.47) |
  No parasitaemia | 458/5683 (8.1) | Ref | 64/5648 (1.1) | Ref |
 Dry | ||||
  Submicroscopic | 23/652 (3.5) | 0.51 (0.33–0.78) | 5/652 (0.8) | 0.65 (0.26–1.60) |
  No parasitaemia | 478/7148 (6.7) | Ref | 84/7115 (1.2) | Ref |
District | ||||
 Blantyre | ||||
  Submicroscopic | 15/282 (5.3) | 0.98 (0.56–1.69) | 1/282 (0.4) | 0.38 (0.05–2.76) |
  No parasitaemia | 261/4637 (5.6) | Ref | 43/4615 (0.9) | Ref |
 Chikhwawa | ||||
  Submicroscopic | 61/727 (8.4) | 0.94 (0.69–1.27) | 12/725 (1.7) | 0.97 (0.5–1.80) |
  No parasitaemia | 328/3762 (8.7) | Ref | 64/3746 (1.7) | Ref |
 Thyolo | ||||
  Submicroscopic | 20/399 (5.0) | 0.62 (0.39–1.0) | 3/396 (0.8) | 0.81 (0.25–2.63) |
  No parasitaemia | 347/4432 (7.8) | Ref | 41/4402 (0.9) | Ref |
Age groups | ||||
 6 months–5 years | ||||
  Submicroscopic | 19/181 (10.5) | 1.15 (0.70–1.88) | 1/181 (0.55) | 0.40 (0.06–2.97) |
  No parasitaemia | 281/3040 (9.2) | Ref | 41/3040(1.3) | Ref |
 6–15 years | ||||
  Submicroscopic | 26/597 (4.4) | 0.86 (0.56–1.31) | 4/596 (0.6) | 0.50 (0.81–1.40) |
  No parasitaemia | 191/3796 (5.0) | Ref | 50/3776 (1.3) | Ref |
 16 years & above | ||||
  Submicroscopic | 51/630 (8.1) | 1.05 (0.78–1.42) | 11/628 (1.8) | 1.85 (0.96–3.54) |
  No parasitaemia | 464/5995 (7.7) | Ref | 57/5957 (0.9) | Ref |