Table 2 Logistic regression results to assess the risk factors associated with RDT positivity: Individuals < 10 years old
Covariates | N (% of total population < 10 years) | n (distribution of RDT-positive population (%) < 10 years) | Univariable odds ratio (95% CI) p-value | Multivariable adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
Sex | ||||
Female | 4136 (50.0%) | 60 (43.2%) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
Male | 4140 (50.0%) | 79 (56.8%) | 1.32 (0.94–1.85) p = 0.106 | 1.31 (0.89–1.94) p = 0.175 |
Age | ||||
< 5 years | 4304 (52.0%) | 45 (32.4%) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
5–9 years | 3972 (48.0%) | 94 (67.6%) | 2.29 (1.60–3.28) p < 0.001 | 2.64 (1.75–3.99) p < 0.001 |
Individual malaria risk factors | ||||
Used a bed net on previous night | ||||
No | 2749 (33.2%) | 41(29.5%) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
Yes | 5527 (66.8%) | 98 (70.5%) | 1.19 (0.83–1.72) p = 0.348 | 1.01 (0.64–1.60) p = 0.961 |
Travelled outside of district in previous two weeks | ||||
No | 8133 (98.3%) | 138 (99.3%) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
Yes | 143 (1.7%) | 1 (0.7%) | 0.41 (0.06–2.94) p = 0.373 | 0.79 (0.10–6.43) p = 0.827 |
Axillary temperature ≥ 37.5 °C or reported fever within previous 24 h | ||||
No | 7971 (96.3%) | 99 (71.2%) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
Yes | 305 (3.7%) | 40 (28.8%) | 12.00 (8.15–17.68) p < 0.001 | 13.64 (8.18–22.74) p < 0.001 |
Used anti-malarial in previous month | ||||
No | 8243 (99.6%) | 135 (97.1%) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
Yes | 33 (0.4%) | 4 (2.9%) | 8.28 (2.87–23.89) p < 0.001 | 4.11 (1.06–15.90) p < 0.040 |
Household-level risk factors | ||||
> 1 RDT positives in household | ||||
No | 8026 (97.0%) | 77 (55.4%) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
Yes | 250 (3.0%) | 62 (44.6%) | 34.05 (23.65–49.01) p < 0.001 | 21.72 (13.83–34.10) p < 0.001 |
Other members of household travelled in previous month | ||||
No | 6712 (81.1%) | 126 (90.6%) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
Yes | 1564 (18.9%) | 13 (9.4%) | 0.44 (0.25–0.78) p = 0.005 | 0.90 (0.46–1.74) p = 0.746 |
Health facility catchment area | ||||
Dounde | 946 (11.4%) | 7 (5.0%) | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) |
Salalatou | 1410 (17.0%) | 86 (61.9%) | 8.71 (4.01–18.91) p < 0.001 | 6.74 (2.36–19.23) p < 0.001 |
Oudalaye | 929 (11.2%) | 10 (7.2%) | 1.46 (0.55–3.85) p = 0.445 | 2.25 (0.58–8.72) p = 0.242 |
Niaghana Tidel | 666 (8.0%) | 14 (10.1%) | 2.88 (1.16–7.18) p = 0.023 | 1.64 (0.49–5.50) p = 0.421 |
Mbem mbem | 1726 (20.9%) | 11 (7.9%) | 0.86 (0.33–2.23) p = 0.757 | 1.09 (0.32–3.73) p = 0.892 |
Gassane | 2599 (31.4%) | 11 (7.9%) | 0.57 (0.22–1.48) p = 0.247 | 0.58 (0.17–1.93) p = 0.373 |
Constant | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) p < 0.001 | |||
Total | 8276 | 139 | 8276 | 8276 |