Fig. 7

Variation in flight aptitude between gonotrophic stages; longest flight (a), total flight (b), and flight bouts (c). Overall test is a contingency table exact test using Monte Carlo simulations with 10,000 replicates. This Gonotrophic state comparison was done when on pooled species in Aug–Sep, when sample size was suitable for comparison. Prior CMH test showed that the effect was significant across species (not shown) and no heterogeneity between species was detected