Fig. 3

PPQ dose–response curves and cell morphology for selected culture-adapted clinical isolates. Increasing the starting concentration and number of data points (24 points) for HRP2 ELISA dose–response curve provided a bimodal distribution of parasite response to PPQ exposure for PPQ-resistant parasites. The PPQ-sensitive W2 parasite (black line) is shown alongside the culture-adapted clinical isolates. The PPQ-sensitive clinical adapted parasites are shown in blue lines, whereas the PPQ-resistant clinical adapted parasites are represented in red lines. Data are shown as mean values from three biological replicates with S.D for isolates. Cell morphology of selected culture-adapted clinical isolates shows that isolate number 9 revealed distended, translucent DV (the red arrow) similar to the engineered parasite with PfCRT variants [26]. The scale bar, 50 µm