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Table 2 Summary of drug interaction in asexual stages of different P. falciparum strains

From: Piperaquine resistant Cambodian Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates: in vitro genotypic and phenotypic characterization

Drug Combination

P. falciparum strain

3D7

W2

D6

C2B

IPC-5202

14-B5

DHA–PPQ

Antagonistic

Antagonistic

Antagonistic

Antagonistic

Antagonistic

Antagonistic

CQ–CQ

Additive

Additive

Additive

Additive

Additive

Additive

ATQ–PG

Synergistic

Synergistic

Synergistic

Synergistic

Synergistic

Synergistic

PND–ATQ

Antagonistic

Antagonistic

Antagonistic

Toward Antagonistic

Antagonistic

Antagonistic

MQ–ATQ

Toward Antagonistic

Antagonistic

Toward Antagonistic

Toward Synergistic

Toward Antagonistic

Antagonistic

TQ–ATQ

Toward Synergistic

Toward Antagonistic

Toward Synergistic

Toward Synergistic

Toward Antagonistic

Antagonistic

PND–PG

Toward Antagonistic

Toward Synergistic

Additive

Toward Synergistic

Toward Synergistic

Antagonistic

MQ–PG

Toward Synergistic

Toward Synergistic

Toward Synergistic

Toward Synergistic

Toward Synergistic

Toward Synergistic

TQ–PG

Synergistic

Toward Antagonistic

Toward Synergistic

Toward Synergistic

Additive

Antagonistic

  1. ΣFIC50 (50% Fractional Inhibitory Concentrations), synergism when ΣFIC50 ≤ 0.5; toward synergism when ΣFIC50 < 1; additive when ΣFIC50 = 1; toward antagonism when ΣFIC50 > 1; antagonism when ΣFIC50 ≥ 2 to 4. The values show the mean ± S.D of 3 independent assays for each parasite line
  2. DHA dihydroartemisinin, CQ chloroquine, MQ mefloquine, PPQ piperaquine, ATQ atovaquone, PG proguanil, TQ tafenoquine, PND pyronaridine