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Table 3 P. falciparum and P. vivax densities stratified according to positivity by standard 18S rRNA qPCR (qPCR), by any qPCR, or only by ultra- sensitive qPCR (us-qPCR)

From: Utility of ultra-sensitive qPCR to detect Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections under different transmission intensities

Country

P. falciparum Median Densitya

Parasites/µL (IQR)

P. vivax Median Densitya

Pv_mtCOX1 copies/µL (IQR)

qPCR( +)

qPCR( +) and us-qPCR( +)

qPCR(-) and us-qPCR( +)

qPCR( +)

qPCR( +) and us-qPCR( +)

qPCR(-) and us-qPCR( +)

Thailand

238.9 (55.8–1519)

40.8 (0.5–536.2)

0.2 (0.2–0.2)

104.8 (24.9–246.7)

50.4 (4.9–190.8)

3.1 (0.9–7.6)

Brazil

4.0b (1.9–125.4)

0.4b (0.2–3.0)

0.2 (0.1–0.3)

152.6 (50.3–738.7)

79.8 (18.3–464.4)

7.3 (3.7–22.0)

PNG

5.7 (1.0–70.0)

1.9 (0.2–22.5)

0.1 (0.0–0.4)

9.5 (3.1–145.9)

3.7 (0.9–16.4)

0.7 (0.3–1.2)

  1. aLog10 transformed median parasite density quantified by us-qPCR
  2. bOwing to exhaustion of DNA, parasite densities of 5 of the Brazilian samples were quantified by 18S rRNA qPCR