Fig. 2

Larval mosquito species information. a: Larval habitats found near households in rural Madagascar, separated by region and habitat type. Dark grey boxes indicate habitats with Anopheles, while light grey boxes indicate habitats with other genera of mosquitoes. Anopheles species abundance in each region is displayed in the bar charts below. b Distribution of the amount of aquatic agriculture surrounding households (within a 500-m radius) with 0 (grey), 1 + (light blue), or 2 + (dark blue) malaria infections. The HP region was not included due to too few individuals with malaria