Fig. 2

a Interrupted time series analysis of TPR with Newey-West standard errors and one lag for test positivity rates in relation to initiation of IRS with Bendiocarb (vertical line) in January 2015 among all hospitalized children. The shaded area represents the post-IRS intervention period; IRS (Bendiocarb and Actellic) combined with the second LLIN campaign periods. The pre-IRS intervention period (January 2012 to December 2014) is unshaded (white); the baseline period combined with first LLIN period. b Same as (a), but limited to infants aged 1 to 11 months