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Table 2 Associations between RBC variants and malaria incidence

From: Associations between red blood cell variants and malaria among children and adults from three areas of Uganda: a prospective cohort study

Age group

Red cell variants

Variant

Malaria episodes

Person years of follow-up

Incidence of malaria PPY

Unadjusted

Adjusted*

IRR (95% CI)

p-value

IRR (95% CI)

p-value

Children

Haemoglobin variant

AA

4612

2762

1.67

Reference

Reference

AS

818

620

1.32

0.77 (0.64–0.94)

0.009

0.78 (0.66–0.92)

0.003

SS

3

13.4

0.22

0.16 (0.03–0.78)

0.02

0.17 (0.04–0.71)

0.02

Alpha thalassaemia variant

Normal

3233

2061

1.57

Reference

Reference

α−/αα

1769

1106

1.60

1.00 (0.85–1.18)

0.98

1.04 (0.91–1.20)

0.56

α−/−α

251

150

1.67

0.97 (0.68–1.38)

0.88

1.19 (0.87–1.62)

0.27

G6PD genotype

Normal (male)

2680

1597

1.68

Reference

Reference

Hemizygotes

374

170

2.20

1.18 (0.85–1.63)

0.33

0.93 (0.71–1.22)

0.61

Normal (female)

1768

1224

1.44

Reference

Reference

Heterozygotes

484

355

1.36

0.91 (0.70–1.18)

0.46

0.80 (0.63–1.01)

0.06

Homozygotes

72

40.5

1.78

1.21 (0.60–2.44)

0.59

0.89 (0.51–1.57)

0.70

Adults

Haemoglobin variant

AA

300

936

0.32

Reference

Reference

AS

69

252

0.27

0.85 (0.56–1.30)

0.46

0.99 (0.66–1.49)

0.98

Alpha thalassaemia variant

Normal

252

783

0.32

Reference

Reference

α−/αα

102

318

0.32

1.01 (0.68–1.48)

0.98

1.10 (0.76–1.59)

0.63

α−/−α

11

70.0

0.16

0.50 (0.22–1.15)

0.10

0.58 (0.25–1.33)

0.20

G6PD genotype

Normal (male)

13

55.1

0.23

Reference

Reference

Hemizygotes

3

19.4

0.16

0.66 (0.15–2.90)

0.58

0.98 (0.16–5.85)

0.98

Normal (female)

294

995

0.30

Reference

Reference

Heterozygotes

73

191

0.38

1.26 (0.81–1.97)

0.31

1.13 (0.74–1.72)

0.58

Homozygotes

1

11.2

0.09

0.39 (0.03–4.41)

0.45

0.40 (0.04–3.92)

0.43

  1. * Adjusted for age, average household EIR, and study site