Characteristics | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) |
---|---|---|
Sex | ||
Boys | Ref | Ref |
Girls | 0.92 (0.72–1.16) | 0.92 (0.72–1.17) |
Women | 0.47 (0.37–0.58) | 0.52 (0.41–0.65) |
Age | ||
< 1 | Ref | Ref |
1 | 2.12 (1.49–3.02) | 2.35 (1.63–3.40) |
2 | 1.45 (1.00–2.11) | 1.47 (1.00–2.16) |
3 | 1.72 (1.20–2.47) | 1.69 (1.16–2.45) |
4 | 1.95 (1.36–2.80) | 1.98 (1.38–2.83) |
15–29 | 0.91 (0.66–1.25) | 0.92 (0.56–1.52) |
30–39 | 0.56 (0.38–0.84) | 0.56 (0.34–0.92) |
49–49 | 0.63 (0.40–1.00) | 0.57 (0.34–0.95) |
Use of mosquito nets | ||
Yes | Ref | Ref |
No | 1.31 (1.07–1.61) | 1.29 (1.03–1.60) |
Altitude | ||
< 1700 m | 3.92 (2.70–5.69) | 2.93 (1.94–4.42) |
> 1700 m | Ref | Ref |
Type of residence | ||
Rural | Ref | Ref |
Urban | 0.27 (0.17–0.45) | 0.83 (0.46–1.50) |
Household wealth quintile | ||
Very low | 1.47 (1.13–1.91) | 1.54 (1.17–2.03) |
Low | 1.12 (0.84–1.54) | 1.18 (0.89–1.57) |
Middle | Ref | Ref |
Higher | 0.66 (0.48–0.92) | 0.66 (0.48–0.92) |
Highest | 0.22 (0.15–0.33) | 0.36 (0.22–0.60) |
Province of residence | ||
Kigali city | 0.43 (0.22–0.87) | 0.63 (0.29–1.38) |
Southern province | 3.12 (1.86–5.25) | 2.84 (1.70–4.83) |
Northern province | 0.25 (0.11–0.55) | 0.38 (0.17–0.84) |
Eastern province | 4.61 (2.74–7.74) | 3.09 (1.79–5.45) |
Western province | Ref | Ref |
Education level | ||
No education | Ref | Ref |
Primary education | 0.63 (0.51–0.76) | 1.20 (0.82–1.75) |
Secondary and higher | 0.35 (0.24–0.51) | 1.10 (0.62–1.97) |
Season | ||
Dry | Ref | Ref |
Rainy | 1.11 (0.80–1.54) | 1.01 (0.76–1.34) |