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Table 2 Case classification for malaria [9]

From: Updates on malaria incidence and profile in Malaysia from 2013 to 2017

Import A case

Malaria case or infection in which the infection was acquired outside the area in which it is diagnosed. ‘A’ refers to infection from a country outside Malaysia

Indigenous case

A case contracted locally with no evidence of importation and no direct link to transmission from an imported case

Induced

A case the origin of which can be traced to a blood transfusion or other form of parenteral inoculation of the parasite but not to transmission by a natural mosquito-borne inoculation

Introduced

A case contracted locally, with strong epidemiological evidence linking it directly to a known imported case (first-generation local transmission)

Relapse

Malaria case attributed to activation of hypnozoites of Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium ovale acquired previously