Fig. 4

Total assembly effects in patch 2 where relative incidence is higher, identical, or lower compared to patch 1. The value of total assembly effects on the Y-axis was calculated by integrating the assembly effects in patch 2 over all levels of connectedness with patch 1. A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, and I represent the assembly effects of respective panels in Fig. 3. Blue circles are analogous to the assembly effects in non-hotspot for different coverage in the hotspot. Red crosses represent the assembly effects when incidence in patch 2 is so high that MDA is not an effective intervention (i.e., Nearly 100% MDA coverage is required to achieve elimination in patch 2). Black dots represent the assembly effects when the two patches have identical incidence (i.e., assembly effects are the same from the point of view of both patches)