Variable | Sample size: 5425 | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | Severe Metabolic Acidosis N (%) | Odds ratio | 95% CI | P-Value | Odds ratio | 95% CI | P Value | |
Gender: female (reference) and male | 2611 (48.1) | 1143 (51.3) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | 2815 (51.9) | 1153 (48.9) | 0.91 | 0.81–1.02 | 0.11 | 0.92 | 0.19–4.55 | 0.92 |
Age | 5426 |  | 0.78 | 0.76–0.81 |  < 0.001 | 0.79 | 0.76–0.83 |  < 0.001 |
Coma (BCS <  = 2) | 1823 (33.6) | 776 (50.6) | 1.03 | 0.91–1.16 | 0.646 | 1.72 | 1.17–2.51 | 0.005 |
Prostration | 2974 (54.8) | 1299 (52.3) | 1.21 | 1.07–1.36 | 0.002 | 1.88 | 1.35–2.59 |  < 0.001 |
Convulsions (> 30 min) | 169 2(31.2) | 623 (43.4) | 0.68 | 0.60–0.77 |  < 0.001 | 0.7 | 0.53–0.93 | 0.012 |
Decompensated shock: systolic BP < 70mhg | 178 (3.3) | 110 (71.9) | 2.62 | 1.84–3.75 |  < 0.001 | 1.46 | 0.66–3.32 | 0.352 |
Respiratory distress | 867 (15.9) | 498 (67.8) | 2.39 | 2.03–2.83 |  < 0.001 | 1.46 | 1.02–2.1 | 0.039 |
Deep breathing | 938 (17.3) | 731 (86.3) | 8.74 | 7.11 –10.74 |  < 0.001 | 3.94 | 2.51–6.2 |  < 0.001 |
Black water fever (haemoglobinuria) | 237 (4.4) | 73 (40.6) | 0.67 | 0.49–0.91 | 0.009 | 1.28 | 0.78–2.11 | 0.34 |
Symptomatic anaemia | 114 (2.1) | 55 (56.12) | 1.28 | 0.86–1.92 | 0.23 |  |  |  |
Anuria / Oliguria | 7 (0.1) | 7 (100) | 1 | * | * | Â | Â | Â |
Hyperparasitaemia | 100 (1.8) | 40 (42.6) | 0.73 | 0.48–1.11 | 0.14 |  |  |  |
Mild anaemia (< 10—5) | 2705 (55.0) | 1139 (45.3) | 1.21 | 1.02–1.43 | 0.027 | 0.73 | 0.54–0.98 | 0.04 |
Severe anaemia (< 5) | 1431 (29.1) | 841 (64.2) | 2.6 | 2.16–3.13 |  < 0.001 | 0.79 | 0.55–1.12 | 0.19 |
Uraemia (BUN > 20) | 1110 (24.3) | 800 (73.4) | 3.55 | 3.05-–4.13 |  < 0.001 |  |  |  |
Hypoglycaemia | 557 (10.3) | 434 (88.4) | 9.11 | 6.87–12.09 |  < 0.001 | 5.16 | 2.74–9.75 |  < 0.001 |