Cost of community-led larval source management and house improvement for malaria control: a cost analysis within a cluster-randomized trial in a rural district in Malawi

Phiri, Mphatso Dennis; McCann, Robert S.; Kabaghe, Alinune Nathanael; van den Berg, Henk; Malenga, Tumaini; Gowelo, Steven; Tizifa, Tinashe; Takken, Willem; van Vugt, Michèle; Phiri, Kamija S.; Terlouw, Dianne J.; Worrall, Eve

doi:10.1186/s12936-021-03800-4

Table 2 Financial and economic implementation costs (2017 US$) of Larval Source Management (LSM) alone

From: Cost of community-led larval source management and house improvement for malaria control: a cost analysis within a cluster-randomized trial in a rural district in Malawi

Cost category	Pre-implementation phase^a		Implementation costs (Y1)^a		Average annual costs^a		Percentage of total annual average
Cost category	Financial	Economic	Financial	Economic	Financial	Economic	Annual financial	Annual economic
Recurrent costs
Staff (international)	29,419	29,419	59,069	59,069	57,829	57,829	41.6	33.9
Staff (national)	12,047	12,047	18,370	18,370	17,910	17,910	12.9	10.5
Training	15,499	15,499	11,645	11,645	8919	8919	6.4	5.2
Transport^b	5469	5469	15,643	15,643	13,996	13,996	10.1	8.2
Bacterial larvicide (Bti, CIF)^c	–	–	5883	5883	6244	6244	4.5	3.7
Office consumables and sundries	–	–	1313	1313	1245	1245	0.9	0.7
Community labour (manual)^d	–		–	12,492	–	13,085	0.0	7.7
Community time attending village workshops^e		9393	–	12,212	–	12,679	0.0	7.4
IEC and other community engagement activities^f	3074	3074	2631	2631	3275	3275	2.4	1.9
Office space and storage	–	1914	–	4224	–	4005	0.0	2.4
Communication	1156	2090	3138	4674	2858	4315	2.1	2.5
Small equipment^g	–	–	850	850	474	474	0.3	0.3
Capital costs^h
Transport^b	25,659	25,659	25,503	25,503	25,312	25,312	18.2	14.9
Computers and accessories	1987	1987	154	154	77	77	0.1	0.1
Personal protective equipment for spraying	–	–	974	974	1035	1035	0.7	0.6
Sub-total recurrent costs	66,664	78,906	118,542	149,006	112,750	143,976	81.0	84.5
Sub-total capital costs	27,646	27,646	26,630	26,630	26,423	26,423	19.0	15.5
Total costs	94,310	106,553	145,172	175,636	139,173	170,399	100	100
Cost per person					20.46	25.06

^aPre-implementation phase: Jan 2014–April 2016. Y1 = year 1 (May 2016–April 2017). Year 2 = May 2017–May 2018 (cost not shown). Implementation phase = year 1 and year 2. Annual average costs = (year 1 + year 2)/2
^bTransport: Recurrent transport costs include vehicle operating costs only (fuel, insurance, maintenance and repairs). Capital transport costs include vehicle purchase costs only
^cCost and insurance and freight for bacterial larvicide (Bti: Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis, AM625 strain, commercial name: VectoBac WDG [Valent Biosciences, Libertyville IL, USA]). Shipped from the USA to Malawi
^dManual labour donated by community members towards LSM activities: draining, filling and bacterial larvicide application to water bodies; mapping water bodies; and monitoring; etc. valued using Malawi government minimum wage rate
^eCommunity time attending village workshops (person-hours spent per workshop), valued using Malawi government minimum wage rate
^fIEC = Information, Education and Communication, including costs of printing and translation of educational material, implementation guides/manuals, etc. Other community engagement activities include community members labour towards disseminating messages about interventions (e.g. village ‘criers’ to inform community members of upcoming meetings
^gOther small equipment not meeting threshold for “capital” items (e.g. buckets for drawing water, hoes, shovels donated from communities). See (h)
^hCapital costs: Costs for items with a useful life of > 1 year and replacement value of > $100

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ISSN: 1475-2875

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