Table 2 Overview and main immune dynamics of the models
General model structure, and parasite dynamics | Â | Â | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Models | Molineaux et al. | Â | Â | Gatton & Cheng | Eckhoff | Childs & Buckee | Gurarie et al. | McKenzie and Bossert |
Adapted models | Â | Johnston et al. | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
| Â | Â | Challenger et al. | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Assumptions on innate immune response | Dependent on total parasite density at a given time | Dependent on density of each parasites expressing variants for which there is no antibody response, and on the rupturing of iRBCs | Dependent on total parasite density at a given time and is capped by a maximum efficacy term | Dependent on iRBC density | Dependent on cumulative asexual parasite density | |||
Assumptions on variant specific immune response | Dependent on the variant specific parasite density, and lasting in time with a decaying intensity | Dependent on the total parasite within a time frame preceding the time of response, and on time after infection start | Triggered by a variant specific parasite density threshold, dependent on the time after infection start, and the magnitude increases if the antibody has been produced previously | Dependent on the variant specific parasite density | Dependent on the variant specific parasite density, a maximum growth and decay rate, and is restricted by total number of immune cells available | Not explicit, but adaptive immune response includes random falls due to implicit variant switching | – | |
Assumptions on general adaptive immune response | Depends on cumulative total parasite density | Dependent on the time after the start of the infection | Modelled as immune response against merozoite antigens, increase every 2 days, dependent on parasite density | Dependent on cumulative number or days the total parasite population is above 107 | Dependent on iRBC density and combined innate and adaptive effector pool | Dependent on cumulative asexual parasite density, does not decay in time | ||
Includes cross-reactivity | No | Not explicitly | Yes, the variant specific response approximately kills 5% of all other variants | Yes, response to variants randomly assigned to 5 subgroups | Yes, response to variants randomly assigned to subgroups | No | Yes, immune response to one genotype can be activated by the presence of another genotype | |
Other comments | Innate and adaptive immune response include patient specific parameters |  |  | Parameters differ with different parasite strains | Immune memory is included in the model | Detailed sensitivity analysis resulted in significant impact on the model’s outcome of small changes in parameter values, highlighting the challenged face by within host models |  |  |