Table 12 Frequency distribution of responses
From: Factors associated with malaria vaccine uptake in Sunyani Municipality, Ghana
Characteristic | Frequency | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
Sub-Municipality of residence (n = 424) | ||
Abesim | 68 | 16.0 |
Antwikrom | 45 | 10.6 |
Newtown/Baakoniaba | 78 | 18.4 |
New Dormaa | 102 | 24.1 |
Sunyani central | 66 | 15.6 |
Penkwase | 65 | 15.3 |
Age (years; n = 424) | ||
15–19 | 11 | 2.6 |
20–24 | 46 | 10.9 |
25–29 | 171 | 40.3 |
30–34 | 151 | 35.6 |
35 and above | 45 | 10.6 |
Parent or caregiver (n = 424) | ||
Parent | 421 | 99.3 |
Caregiver | 3 | 0.7 |
Sex (n = 424) | ||
Male | 2 | 0.5 |
Female | 422 | 99.5 |
Marital status (n = 424) | ||
Single | 99 | 23.4 |
Married | 258 | 60.9 |
Cohabiting | 67 | 15.8 |
Number of children alive (n = 424) | ||
1–3 | 378 | 89.2 |
More than 3 | 46 | 10.8 |
Educational status (n = 424) | ||
No formal education | 28 | 6.6 |
Primary education | 141 | 33.3 |
Secondary education | 183 | 43.2 |
Tertiary education | 72 | 17.0 |
Educational status of partner (n = 424) | ||
No formal education | 14 | 3.3 |
Primary education | 72 | 17.1 |
Secondary education | 161 | 38.2 |
Tertiary education | 175 | 41.5 |
Religion (n = 424) | ||
Christianity | 318 | 75.0 |
Islam | 103 | 24.3 |
Traditionalist | 3 | 0.7 |
Occupation (n = 424) | ||
Unemployed | 87 | 20.5 |
Self-employed | 234 | 55.2 |
Farming | 32 | 7.6 |
Civil servant | 71 | 16.8 |
Religion of partner (n = 421) | ||
Christianity | 317 | 75.3 |
Islam | 100 | 23.8 |
Traditionalist | 4 | 1 |
Occupation of partner (n = 421) | ||
Unemployed | 11 | 2.6 |
Self-employed | 220 | 52.3 |
Farming | 40 | 9.5 |
Civil servant | 150 | 35.6 |
Age of child in months (n = 424) | ||
13–14 | 79 | 18.6 |
15–16 | 281 | 66.3 |
17–18 | 64 | 15.1 |
Sex (n = 424) | ||
Male | 235 | 55.4 |
Female | 189 | 44.6 |
Place of delivery (n = 424) | ||
Home | 21 | 5.0 |
Health facility | 401 | 94.6 |
Unknown | 2 | 0.4 |
Level of uptake of RTS,S (n = 424) | ||
No uptake | 25 | 5.9 |
Partial uptake | 68 | 16.0 |
Full uptake | 331 | 78.1 |
RTS,S 1 uptake (n = 424) | ||
Yes | 399 | 94.1 |
No | 25 | 5.9 |
RTS,S 2 uptake (n = 424) | ||
Yes | 384 | 90.6 |
No | 40 | 9.4 |
RTS,S 3 uptake (n = 424) | ||
Yes | 331 | 78.1 |
No | 93 | 21.9 |
Reason for child receiving some but not all doses of RTS,S (n = 68) | ||
Did not know when next one was due | 31 | 45.6 |
Did not take previous one on time | 4 | 5.9 |
Not comfortable with side effects | 8 | 11.8 |
Not comfortable with issues surrounding vaccine | 9 | 13.2 |
Was not around | 16 | 23.5 |
Reason for child receiving none of the doses of RTS,S (n = 25) | ||
Personal decision to refuse vaccine | 7 | 28.0 |
Partner’s (husband) decision to refuse vaccine | 15 | 60.0 |
Did not know child is eligible | 3 | 12 |
Known vaccine-preventable diseases (n = 424) | ||
No correct disease mentioned | 41 | 9.7 |
Up to 3 correct diseases mentioned | 215 | 50.7 |
4–8 correct diseases mentioned | 45 | 10.6 |
Any correct disease mentioned but including malaria | 123 | 29.0 |
Heard about malaria vaccine (n = 424) | ||
Yes | 369 | 87.0 |
No | 55 | 13.0 |
Where first heard about malaria vaccine (n = 369) | ||
CWC | 322 | 87.3 |
Health facility announcement | 28 | 7.6 |
Radio | 16 | 4.3 |
Friend/relative | 3 | 0.8 |
Number of times a child is supposed to receive the malaria vaccine (n = 369) | ||
Correct number | 73 | 18.8 |
Incorrect number | 296 | 80.2 |
Age order of receiving vaccines (n = 369) | ||
Correct order | 35 | 9.5 |
Incorrect order | 334 | 90.5 |
Heard about any negative report or issue concerning the malaria vaccine (n = 369) | ||
Yes | 225 | 61.0 |
No | 144 | 39.0 |
Where negative issue or report was heard (n = 225) | ||
Radio | 41 | 18.2 |
Friends/relatives | 168 | 74.7 |
Health workers | 13 | 5.8 |
Other | 3 | 1.3 |
Negative issue/report heard (n = 225) | ||
Vaccine is not safe | 77 | 34.2 |
Children are being used for experiment | 140 | 62.2 |
Vaccine will affect children’s development | 8 | 3.6 |
Issue/report prevented or delayed vaccine acceptance (n = 225) | ||
Yes | 46 | 20.4 |
No | 179 | 79.6 |
Given the option of accepting malaria vaccine at CWC (n = 369) | ||
Yes | 247 | 66.9 |
No | 122 | 33.1 |
Vaccines becoming many for children with the introduction of the malaria vaccine (n = 424) | ||
Yes | 137 | 32.3 |
No | 287 | 67.7 |
Recommend malaria vaccine to others | ||
Yes | 357 | 84.2 |
No | 67 | 15.8 |
Reason for recommending vaccine (n = 357) | ||
It is safe | 145 | 40.6 |
It protects children against malaria | 212 | 59.4 |
Reason for not recommending vaccine (n = 67) | ||
Vaccine does not make any difference | 1 | 1.5 |
No specific reason | 35 | 52.2 |
Too many issues surrounding vaccine | 2 | 3.0 |
Do not have much information on the vaccine | 7 | 10.5 |
It is not safe | 22 | 32.8 |
Child ever suffered an adverse reaction following the administration (n = 424) | ||
Yes | 223 | 52.6 |
No | 201 | 47.4 |
Reaction child suffered (n = 223) | ||
Fever | 148 | 66.4 |
Diarrhoea/vomiting | 11 | 4.9 |
Abscess | 64 | 28.7 |
Did reaction influence acceptance of other vaccines (n = 223) | ||
Yes | 12 | 94.6 |
No | 211 | 5.4 |
Time taken to reach vaccination centre (n = 424) | ||
Less than 30 min | 285 | 67.2 |
30–59 min | 132 | 31.1 |
1–2 h | 7 | 1.7 |
Means of getting to vaccination centre (n = 424) | ||
Walking | 288 | 67.9 |
Commercial vehicle | 131 | 30.9 |
Personal vehicle | 5 | 1.2 |
Required to pay any money at vaccination centre (n = 424) | ||
Yes | 50 | 11.8 |
No | 374 | 88.2 |
How to tell when child’s vaccination is due (n = 424) | ||
Ask friends | 12 | 2.8 |
Check child’s CWC card | 218 | 51.4 |
Visit clinic monthly | 158 | 37.3 |
Told by nurses | 36 | 8.5 |
Description of CWC nurses’ attitude (n = 424) | ||
Excellent | 54 | 12.7 |
Very good | 191 | 45.1 |
Good | 175 | 41.3 |
Bad | 4 | 0.9 |
Vaccines have long term side effects (n = 424) | ||
Yes | 17 | 4.0 |
No | 407 | 96.0 |