Table.3 Characteristics of included interventions
References | Study area | Research design(s) | Population description | Treatment sample size | Insecticide(s) used | Application method | Window screen or eave use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barreaux et al. [19] | M’be, Côte d'Ivoire | Release-recapture, natural mosquito recruitment, experimental hut studies, and case–control studies | Anopheles gambiae sensu lato mosquitoes. Human participants identified as ‘sleepers’ and > 18 year old | Six replicates of the treatment and sleeper combination. Calculation was based on the power package in R to determine the # needed to find a 5% statistical significance at a 70–80% power calculation | Beta-cyfluthrin | Eave tube plastic inserts were machine-treated using a wettable powder formulation of the insecticide | Eaves |
Barreaux et al. [12] | M'be, Côte d'Ivoire | Release-recapture, experimental hut studies, and case–control studies | Anopheles gambiae sensu lato mosquitoes derived from M'be and Bouake found in Cote d'Ivoire, which have been described as highly resistant to pyrethroids; also included human volunteers in experimental huts | Studies performed over 2 nights had around 90–100 female mosquitoes with 10 replicates of each treatment and 20 releases in total | Beta-cyfluthrin | Eave tube plastic inserts were machine-treated using a wettable powder formulation of the insecticide | Eaves |
Chinula et al. [17] | Luangwa District, Lusaka, Zambia in Chisobe Village | Release-recapture, experimental hut studies, and case–control studies | Anopheles gambiae complex which partly consisted of Anopheles arabiensis. Also captured Anopheles funestus but were low in number at the end of the study. Human sleepers were all male (8 men) | 2884 total Anopheles gambiae complex and 333 Anopheles funestus that dropped to fewer than 10 at end of the study. Two replicates of 16 piece WSEBs. PM dosage was 2 × more than IRS recommended concentration. BA dosage was also 14 × higher than lambda-cyhalothrin recommendation because of calculations from micro-encapsulated PM | Pirimiphos-methyl (PM) | Window screens and eaves were treated with micro-encapsulated PM | Window screens and eaves (WSEBs) |
Gouissi et al. [15] | Aguégués, Benin | Case–control study | Mosquito species unidentified. Parasite identified as P. falciparum. 320 children as treatment and 311 children as control aged 6–59 months | Treatment installed in 70 dwellings with 320 total children. Control group consisted of 311 children | Permethrin | Researchers did not personally apply insecticide to netting. Researchers purchased Olyset Nets that were pre-impregnated with insecticide | Window screens and eaves |
Kampango et al. [20] | Furvela village, Mozambique | RCT | Anopheles funestus and Anopheles gambiae s. l. mosquitoes. Houses with at least two people sleeping in each house. No other information on human volunteers | 11,362 mosquitoes collected in total: 9692 An. funestus and 1670 An gambiae s.l. 16 total houses were used in the experiment | Deltamethrin and Fendozin (made of alphacypermethrin) | Deltamethrin was incorporated into the yarn fibres used to cover eaves. Fendozin was purchased as a packaged mosquito net pre-impregnated with insecticide | Eaves |
Menger et al. [21] | Kigoche village, Kenya | RCT | Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes used. 8 male volunteers slept in houses, one person/house. These were lab-reared but originally collected in Suakoko, Liberia | 1791 mosquitoes caught in the houses. 1724 (96.3% were Anophelines and 67 (3.7%) were Culicines. 8 traditional houses with mud-walls | Delta-undecalactone | Netting was impregnated with the microencapsulated form of the insecticide. The microcapsules were created using an oil-in-water emulsion technique | Eaves |
Menger et al. [22] | Kigoche village, Kenya | RCT | Anopheles mosquitoes were collected as well as Culicine mosquitoes. Male volunteers 18–28 years old (one person/house) | – In experiment 1, indoors: 7305 mosquitoes in total: 96% female and 4% male. 4496 (62%) were Anophelines, the rest (2809; 38%) were Culicines. Outdoors: 5180 caught; 97% female, 3% male. 31% were Anophelines, 61% Culcines | p-Menthane-3,8-diol (PMD) | Insecticide was purchased through a commercial repellent (Citriodiol) and sprayed on netting that was placed in eaves | Eaves |
– In experiment 2, indoors: 4137 caught (96% female, 4% male). 3266 (79%) were Anophelines, and 871 (21%) were Culicines. Outdoors: 7471 caught (88% female, 12% male). 35% Anophelines, 65% Culicines | |||||||
Mmbando et al. [18] | Ifakara Health Institute, Tanzania | Experimental huts, release-recapture, and case–control studies | Female Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes. Adult volunteers, one per hut | Two huts with 500 reared Anopheles arabiensis deployed throughout 122 nights mosquitoes released in three cases (containing 167, 167, 166 mosquitoes each) | Transfluthrin | Eave ribbons were washed with liquid detergent (Axion) and soaked with transfluthrin | Eaves |
Mmbando et al. [10] | Ifakara Health Institute, Tanzania (semi-field) and Lupiro village, Tanzania (field) | Experimental huts, release-recapture, and case–control studies | Female An. arabiensis mosquitoes. Two adult male volunteers | 75 nights and 500 newly-reared Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes every night | Transfluthrin | Eave ribbons were washed with liquid detergent (Axion) and soaked with transfluthrin | Eaves |
Mwanga et al. [11] | Ifakara Health Institute, Tanzania | Experimental huts, release-recapture, and case–control studies | Laboratory-reared female An. arabiensis mosquitoes. Adult male human volunteers, one per hut | 5 huts with 1000 Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes released every night | Transfluthrin | Eave ribbons were washed with liquid detergent (Axion) and soaked with transfluthrin | Eaves |
Oumbouke et al. [16] | M'be, Côte d'Ivoire | Experimental huts, release-recapture, and case–control studies | Anopheles gambiae s.l. mosquitoes, predominantly Anopheles coluzzi collected from M'be with high levels of pyrethroid and carbamate resistance levels and lab-reared. Two volunteer hut sleepers were adults who were not given prophylaxis | 100 mosquitoes were released into each house | Pyrimiphos methyl, azamethiphos, beauveria bassiana, bendiocarb, bifenthrin, orthoboric acid, beta-cyfluthrin WP, deltamethrin, pyrethrin, butoxide, permethrin, and carbaryl | Powdered insecticides were applied to eave tube inserts placed into PVC tubes | Eaves |
Snetselaar et al. [13] | Mbita Point, Kenya | Experimental houses, release-recapture, and case–control studies | A. gambiae s.s. and Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes colonized from the Mbita area. Adult volunteers, one per hut | Two houses. 200 host-seeking female mosquitoes released outside the houses each night per house | Bendiocarb and deltamethrin | Eave tube inserts were treated with an electrostatic netting and. fluorescent or insecticide powder | Eaves |
Sternberg et al. [14] | Ifakara Health Institute, Tanzania | Experimental huts, release-recapture, and case–control studies | Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes from a Sagamaganga colony (nearby village) and raised in Ifakara Health Institute; adult female mosquitoes. Six human volunteers | Six huts and 200 mosquitoes released outside huts | PermaNet (treated with deltamethrin) and, bendiocarb (both wet and dry) | Netting was treated with insecticide and placed into eaves | Screening and eaves |