Rethinking the economic costs of hospitalization for malaria: accounting for the comorbidities of malaria patients in western Kenya

Table 2 Mean health system and patient costs (KSh) related to hospitalization with confirmed malaria diagnosis

Description of cost	All patients		Patients with no comorbidity		Patients with one of more comorbidities		Hospital stay ≤ 3 days		Hospital stay > 3days
	n=746		n=570		n=176		n=547		n=199
	Mean cost	95 %CI	Mean cost	95 %CI	Mean cost	95 %CI	Mean cost	95 %CI	Mean cost	95 %CI
Health system cost
Hospital admission and bed cost¹	2650	2574-2727	2552	2474-2631	2963	2770-3156	2145	2101-2188	4052	3923-4182
Malaria management	1378	1331-1426	1324	1277-1372	1549	1427-1672	1137	1104-1170	2046	1937-2154
Additional treatment²	212	109-306	0	-	831	408-1253	158	54-262	363	98-628
Antibiotics	47	32-62	0	-	195	137- 254	28	20-36	100	47-152
Total health system cost	4288	4046-4531	3877	3800-4053	5583	4785-6380	3468	3393-3639	6560	6054-7166
Household costs
Direct costs
Medical costs
Registration, hospital fee	118	111-125	119	111-128	113	103-122	120	113-129	111	100-123
Antibiotics	41	29-52	-	-	166	125-201	42	28-56	35	19-50
Other medication	2	1-3	-	-	8	4-12	2	1-3	3	1-6
Non-medical costs
Transport & food cost	599	558-640	551	507-495	741	648-834	511	475-547	844	733-955
Funeral costs	129	34-225	73	0-155	308	7-609	151	30-271	70	0-207
Subtotal direct costs	889	733-1044	743	608-878	1337	887-1699	825	647-1005	1062	785-1339
Indirect costs
Productivity loss	787	755-1044	737	703-772	945	822-960	631	601-655	1220	1149-1291
Total household costs	1676	1488-1864	1480	1311-1650	2281	1839-2502	1456	1252-1660	2283	1935-2630
Total	5964	5534-6394	5357	5061-5654	7820	6500-9139	4923	4532-5316	8843	7940-9746

¹ Hospital admission cost includes outpatient assessment and confirmation of malaria. if patient fees were charged, these costs were deducted and included as direct costs
²Additional treatment relates to costs for management of comorbidities excluding costs of antibiotics

ISSN: 1475-2875