From: Plasmodium knowlesi: the game changer for malaria eradication
Countries/territories | Reference | Location | Sampling period | Monkey species sampled | Type of monkey | Total monkeys sampled | P. knowlesi positive samples | P. knowlesi infection prevalence (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Malaysia Borneo | Lee et al. [48] | Kapit Division, Sarawak | 2004–2008 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 82 | 71 | 86.6 |
2004–2008 | M. nemestrina | Wild | 26 | 13 | 50.0 | |||
Muehlenbein et al. [55] | Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre, Sabah | 2010–2011 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 26 | 4 | 15.4 | |
2010–2011 | M. nemestrina | Wild | 15 | 2 | 13.3 | |||
Peninsular Malaysia | Vythilingam et al. [22] | Kuala Lipis Pahang | Not stated | M. fascicularisa | Wild | 75 | 10 | 13.3 |
Kuala Lumpur | Not stated | M. fascicularisa | Wild | 29 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
Selangor | Not stated | M. fascicularisa | Wild | 41 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
Ho et al. [56] | Selangor | Not stated | M. fascicularis | Wild | 107 | 25b | 23.3 | |
Khajeaian [57] | Peninsular Malaysia (Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Kelantan, Penang)c | 2010 -2014 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 283 | 97 | 34.3 | |
Akter et al. [58] | Hulu Selangor, Selangor | 2014 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 70 | 21 | 30.0 | |
Amir et al. [59] | Pahang | 2016 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 34 | 9 | 26.5 | |
2016 | M. nemestrina | Wild | 5 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Perak | 2016 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 26 | 1 | 3.8 | ||
Johor | 2016 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 38 | 1 | 2.6 | ||
Indonesia | Zhang et al. [49] | Southern Sumatra | 2010 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 50 | 0 | 0.0 |
Bintan Island (Island near Singapore) | 2007 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 20 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
Singapore | Zhang et al. [49] | Singapore (unspecified) | 2007 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 40 | 0 | 0.0 |
Jeslyn et al. [52] | Military protected zone in Western Catchment Area | 2007–2009 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 3 | 3 | 100.0 | |
Peridomestic from various parts of Singapore | 2007–2009 | M. fascicularis | Wild (Peri-domestic) | 10 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
Li [53] | Military protected zone in Western Catchment Area | 2007–2011 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 93 | 45 | 48.4 | |
Peridomestic from various parts of Singapore | 2007–2011 | M. fascicularis | Wild (Peri-domestic) | 65 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
Li et al. [54] | Military protected zone in Western Catchment Area | 2009–2017 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 379 | 145 | 38.3 | |
Peridomestic from various parts of Singapore | 2008–2017 | M. fascicularis | Wild (Peri-domestic) | 660 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
The Philippines | Zhang et al. [49] | Zamboanga, Southern Philippines | 2012 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 40 | 0 | 0.0 |
Batangas, Northern Philippines | 2012 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 28 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
Gamalo et al. [51] | Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park, Palawan | 2017 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 40 | 18 | 45.0 | |
Palawan Wildlife Rescue and Research Center, Palawan | 2017 | M. fascicularis | Captive | 25 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
National Wildlife and Research Centre, Diliman, Quezon City, Manila | 2017 | M. fascicularis | Captive | 30 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
Taiwan | Huang et al. [50] | Chia-shan area Kao-hsiung City, sourthern Taiwan | 2006–2008 | M. cyclopis | Wild | 51 | 0 | 0.0 |
Southern Taiwan | 2006–2008 | M. cyclopis | Captive | 235 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
Thailand | Putaporntip et al. [60] d | Pattalung | 2008–2009 | M. nemestrina | Wild | 13 | 0 | 0.0 |
2008–2009 | M. arctoides | Wild | 4 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Pattani | 2008–2009 | M. nemestrina | Wild | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
2008–2009 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Yala | 2008–2009 | M. nemestrina | Wild | 62 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
2008–2009 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 8 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
Narathiwat | 2008–2009 | M. nemestrina | Wild | 373 | 5 | 1.3 | ||
2008–2009 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 186 | 1 | 0.5 | |||
2008–2009 | Semnopithecus obscuruse | Wild | 7 | 1 | 14.3 | |||
Fungfuang et al. [61] | Chacheongsao province | 2017–2019 | M. fascicularis | Captive | 32 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Ranong province | 2017–2019 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 4 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
Prachuap Kiri Khan province | 2017–2019 | M. arctoidese | Wild | 32 | 1 | 3.1 | ||
Nakornatchasima province | 2017–2019 | M. leonina | Wild | 25 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
Cambodia | Zhang et al. [49] | Vanny | 2011 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 54 | 0 | 0.0 |
Laos | Zhang et al. [49] | Laos (unspecified) | 2013 | M. fascicularis | Wild | 44 | 1 | 2.3 |