Skip to main content

Table 3 IPTp and ANC coverage at baseline and endline, by study arm

From: A cluster randomized trial of delivery of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy at the community level in Malawi

 

Baseline

Endline

Difference-in-differences

Crude models

Adjusted models

Control

Intervention

Control

Intervention

p-value for DiD a

p-value for DiD b

N = 188

 N = 182

 N = 344

 N = 343

Number of IPTp doses

(mean, 95% CI)

2.3

(2.1, 2.4)

2.2

(1.9, 2.5)

2.7

(2.3, 3.1)

2.7

(2.5, 3.0)

0.2

(-0.3, 0.6)

0.51

0.39

IPTp1+ (%, 95% CI)

92.9

(89.0, 96.8)

83.0

(77.6, 88.4)

89.8

(85.8, 93.7)

93.3

(91.1, 95.6)

13.5

(4.7, 22.3)

< 0.01

0.01

IPTp2+ (%, 95% CI)

70.0

(64.1, 76.0)

71.3

(61.9, 80.8)

82.2

(76.9, 87.4)

81.0

(72.2, 89.8)

-2.5

(-16.3, 11.4)

0.73

0.86

IPTp3+ (%, 95% CI)

45.6

(38.5, 52.8)

45.1

(34.6, 55.5)

59.8

(47.0, 72.5)

66.0

(55.8, 76.3)

6.9

(-5.9, 19.6)

0.29

0.19

IPTp4+ (%, 95% CI)

16.2

(11.2, 21.1)

15.4

(7.4, 23.3)

25.8

(13.6, 38.0)

24.5

(18.8, 30.1)

-0.5

(-18.1, 17.0)

0.95

0.96

IPTp5+ (%, 95% CI)

3.1

(-0.5, 6.7)

2.8

(0.3, 5.3)

8.7

(2.9, 14.5)

6.3

(3.1, 9.4)

-2.1

(-12.1, 7.8)

0.68

0.83

Number of ANC visits

(mean, 95% CI)

3.8

(3.5, 4.2)

3.4

(3.3, 3.6)

3.5

(3.1, 3.9)

3.6

(3.4, 3.9)

0.5

(-0.2, 1.3)

0.15

0.14

ANC2+ (%, 95% CI)

97.4

(93.9, 100.9)

98.4

(96.8, 100.1)

94.6

(91.2, 98.1)

95.3

(91.3, 99.4)

-0.3

(-8.4, 7.8)

0.94

0.84

ANC3+ (%, 95% CI)

92.0

(83.3, 100.8)

80.5

(75.3, 85.6)

79.9

(71.3, 88.6)

86.0

(81.3, 90.7)

17.7

(0.9, 34.4)

0.04

0.07

ANC4+ (%, 95% CI)

63.4

(51.8, 75.0)

46.9

(37.7, 56.1)

48.1

(36.2, 59.9)

56.8

(50.9, 62.6)

25.3

(1.3, 49.3)

0.04

0.04

Gestation week for ANC1 visit

(mean, 95% CI)

18.6

(16.9, 20.4)

21.2

(20.2, 22.2)

20.3

(18.7, 22.0)

20.4

(19.6, 21.1)

-2.5

(-3.7, -1.4)

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

  1. IPTp intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy, ANC antenatal care visits, DiD difference-in-differences
  2. Statistically significant p-values are bolded
  3. a Crude DiD models were estimated with identity link and either binomial or Poisson distribution, as appropriate
  4. b Adjusted DiD models were estimated with either with either log or logit link and binomial or Poisson distribution, as appropriate, and adjusted for gravidity, maternal age (< 20 vs. ≥ 20 years), and maternal education (secondary school or more)