Fig. 5
Forest plot demonstrating pooled MD of IL-1β levels (pg/mL) between patients with severe and uncomplicated malaria stratified by methods for IL-1β measurement. Horizontal line (whiskers) encircling the square on both sides, CI; the squares’ centres and the values of the study’s effect sizes; Green diamond, the overall effect size; the values of the overall effect size are indicated by the red vertical dashed line; vertical gray line with no effect on the overall composition (0); I2, H2, τb2, heterogeneity measures; under the crimson diamond: I2, H2, τb2, heterogeneity measures of subgroup; test of θi, the homogeneity test based on the Q statistic; under the green diamond: the test of θi also known as the homogeneity test, is based on the Q statistic; The test of θ, the overall magnitude of the effect. CI confidence interval, Mean Diff. mean difference, SD standard deviation