Table 1 Median values of years from breakpoint to zero cases and associated annual decline rate according to a set of binary territory characteristics, with Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test statistics
From: How long is the last mile? Evaluating successful malaria elimination trajectories
Type of characteristic | Territory characteristic | Years from breakpoint to zero cases | Annual decline rate | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes (n) | No (n) | W, p–value | Yes (n) | No (n) | W, p–value | ||
Procedural | WHO certified | 8.0 (25) | 12.0 (17) | 311, p = 0.012 | 56.3% (27) | 45.2% (18) | 359, p = 0.007 |
Elimination year before 1980 | 11.0 (24) | 12.0 (18) | 260, p = 0.268 | 54.6% (26) | 50.4% (19) | 324, p = 0.079 | |
Geographic | No land border (island) | 8.0 (13) | 14.0 (29) | 79.5, p = 0.003 | 60.8% (15) | 52.0% (30) | 148, p = 0.065 |
Centroid in the tropics | 8.5 (14) | 12.0 (28) | 251.5, p = 0.141 | 55.4% (16) | 52.1% (29) | 282, p = 0.244 | |
Socio–demographic | Above median GDP per capita for breakpoint year | 12.0 (18) | 12.0 (20) | 190, p = 0.781 | 51.1% (20) | 55.6% (21) | 279, p = 0.074 |
% of population in urban areas above median in breakpoint year | 12 (21) | 10 (21) | 283, p = 0.118 | 50.4% (21) | 53.7% (24) | 320, p = 0.126 | |
Malaria risk | Average annual pre–breakpoint case count above median | 12.0 (21) | 8.0 (21) | 301.5, p = 0.042 | 54.5% (22) | 43.7% (23) | 243, p = 0.831 |
Imported cases above the median | 11.5 (22) | 12.0 (20) | 240, p = 0.623 | 50.4% (23) | 57.4% (22) | 354, p = 0.021 | |