Fig. 2

Standardized WHO cone bioassay results after washing. A shows cone bioassay data (24 h mortality) for PermaNet^® 2.0 nets LLINs from 2012 (n = 2 nets, 7 pieces per net) and LLINs from 2019 (n = 2, 7 pieces per net) washed according to WHO guidelines using a local soap. B To better understand the effect of the soap, we also conducted the same wash tests on the nets with water only, with no soap added at all. In both panels, data for LLINs from 2012 are shown as turquois circles and data from LLINs manufactured in 2019 are shown as magenta crosses. Data are presented as means (symbols). Also included are the means (bold lines) and the 95% confidence envelope of generalized additive model fits (dashed lines) to the raw data. The dotted lines indicate WHO thresholds of n = 20 washes and 80% mortality