Countrywide insecticide resistance monitoring and first report of the presence of the L1014S knock down resistance in Niger, West Africa

Soumaila, Hadiza; Hamani, Boubé; Arzika, Ibrahim Issa; Soumana, Amadou; Daouda, Abdoulaye; Daouda, Fatoumata Abdoulaye; Iro, Souleymane Mahaman; Gouro, Samira; Zaman-Allah, Maman Sani; Mahamadou, Izamné; Kadri, Saadou; Salé, Noura Maman; Hounkanrin, Wilfried; Mahamadou, Boubacar; Zamaka, Halima Naroua; Labbo, Rabiou; Laminou, Ibrahim Maman; Jackou, Hadiza; Idrissa, Sabiti; Coulibaly, Eric; Bahari-Tohon, Zilahatou; Mathieu, Els; Carlson, Jenny; Dotson, Ellen; Awolola, Taiwo Samson; Flatley, Cecilia; Chabi, Joseph

doi:10.1186/s12936-022-04410-4

Table 3 Number of mosquitoes tested and frequency of target site insecticide resistance alleles across the sites in 2020

From: Countrywide insecticide resistance monitoring and first report of the presence of the L1014S knock down resistance in Niger, West Africa

Sites		Resistance alleles
		Kdr-L1014F							Kdr-L1014S							Ace-1 G119S
		Total	RR	RS	SS	Freq/status	p value	Freq	Total	RR	RS	SS	Freq/status	p value	Freq	Total	RR	RS	SS	Freq/status	p value	Freq
Agadez	Dead	44	27	5	12	0.67	0.211^*	0.62	43	28	1	14	0.66	0.778^*	0.65	42	6	1	35	0.15	0.591^*	0.17
Agadez	Alive	70	38	6	26	0.59	0.211^*	0.62	75	43	10	22	0.64	0.778^*	0.65	72	13	1	58	0.19	0.591^*	0.17
Balleyara	Dead	45	24	12	9	0.67	0.773^*	0.65	45	27	6	12	0.67	0.331^*	0.63	45	8	1	36	0.19	*0.008*^#	0.12
Balleyara	Alive	63	34	13	16	0.65	0.773^*	0.65	70	32	20	18	0.6	0.331^*	0.63	63	4	0	59	0.06	*0.008*^#	0.12
Boboye	Dead	43	10	25	8	0.52	0.169^*	0.46	44	32	3	9	0.76	0.121^*	0.81	43	8	0	35	0.19	0.583^*	0.17
Boboye	Alive	70	6	47	17	0.42	0.169^*	0.46	71	55	10	6	0.85	0.121^*	0.81	72	11	0	61	0.15	0.583^*	0.17
Gaya	Dead	43	32	5	6	0.80	0.594^*	0.81	45	38	4	3	0.89	0.558^*	0.87	40	3	0	37	0.08	1.000^*	0.08
Gaya	Alive	73	56	10	7	0.84	0.594^*	0.81	75	61	7	7	0.86	0.558^*	0.87	72	5	1	66	0.08	1.000^*	0.08
Guidimouni	Dead	53	22	13	18	0.54	*0.002*^#	0.64	53	37	10	6	0.79	0.750^*	0.78	51	6	0	45	0.12	0.084^*	0.13
Guidimouni	Alive	62	41	9	11	0.73	*0.002*^#	0.64	62	44	7	11	0.77	0.750^*	0.78	60	8	0	52	0.13	0.084^*	0.13
Keita	Dead	54	18	24	12	0.56	0.107^*	0.61	55	48	2	5	0.89	*0.002*^#	0.80	55	8	1	46	0.15	0.443^*	0.13
Keita	Alive	62	32	18	12	0.66	0.107^*	0.61	65	45	5	15	0.73	*0.002*^#	0.80	60	7	0	53	0.12	0.443^*	0.13
Madaoua	Dead	49	20	13	16	0.54	1.000^*	0.55	50	39	7	4	0.85	0.851^*	0.86	49	2	0	47	0.04	*0.023*^#	0.08
Madaoua	Alive	70	27	22	21	0.54	1.000^*	0.55	70	58	5	7	0.86	0.851^*	0.86	70	9	0	61	0.13	*0.023*^#	0.08
Madarounfa	Dead	46	21	4	21	0.50	0.103^*	0.57	46	22	7	17	0.55	0.411^*	0.59	46	8	0	38	0.17	0.253^*	0.21
Madarounfa	Alive	67	36	10	21	0.61	0.103^*	0.57	67	38	6	23	0.61	0.411^*	0.59	67	16	0	51	0.24	0.253^*	0.21
Magaria	Dead	68	41	13	14	0.70	0.333^*	0.67	68	42	9	17	0.68	0.581^*	0.67	68	5	2	61	0.09	0.824^*	0.09
Magaria	Alive	52	25	16	11	0.63	0.333^*	0.67	52	29	9	14	0.64	0.581^*	0.67	51	5	0	46	0.10	0.824^*	0.09
Matamey	Dead	46	26	12	8	0.70	0.039^*	0.61	46	30	7	9	0.73	0.544^*	0.75	45	7	0	38	0.16	1.000^*	0.16
Matamey	Alive	69	33	11	25	0.56	0.039^*	0.61	74	52	9	13	0.76	0.544^*	0.75	69	11	0	58	0.16	1.000^*	0.16
Niamey V	Dead	31	16	7	8	0.63	1.000^*	0.63	30	16	7	7	0.65	0.877^*	0.64	31	3	3	25	0.15	0.265^*	0.20
Niamey V	Alive	85	42	24	19	0.64	1.000^*	0.63	84	41	25	18	0.64	0.877^*	0.64	83	15	6	62	0.22	0.265^*	0.20
Say	Dead	38	22	9	7	0.70	0.104^*	0.61	39	27	8	4	0.79	0.112^*	0.73	39	4	1	34	0.12	0.190^*	0.08
Say	Alive	67	29	19	19	0.57	0.104^*	0.61	68	44	6	18	0.69	0.112^*	0.73	67	3	2	62	0.06	0.190^*	0.08
Tchintabaraden	Dead	37	18	10	9	0.62	0.085^*	0.54	40	20	3	17	0.54	0.407^*	0.50	36	5	0	31	0.14	0.562^*	0.16
Tchintabaraden	Alive	71	23	24	24	0.49	0.085^*	0.54	75	34	3	38	0.47	0.407^*	0.50	73	13	0	60	0.18	0.562^*	0.16
Tessaoua	Dead	43	25	7	11	0.66	0.481^*	0.63	42	11	11	20	0.39	0.782^*	0.41	44	2	2	40	0.07	*0.005*^#	0.15
Tessaoua	Alive	71	40	7	24	0.61	0.481^*	0.63	75	25	13	37	0.42	0.782^*	0.41	71	13	4	54	0.21	*0.005*^#	0.15
Tillabery	Dead	49	34	8	7	0.78	0.031^*	0.70	50	36	1	13	0.73	0.095^*	0.67	47	7	0	40	0.15	0.417^*	0.13
Tillabery	Alive	67	36	14	17	0.64	0.031^*	0.70	68	42	1	25	0.63	0.095^*	0.67	64	6	2	56	0.11	0.417^*	0.13
Total	Dead	689	356	167	166	0.64	0.122^*	0.62	696	453	86	157	0.71	0.025^#	0.69	681	82	11	588	0.13	0.187^*	0.14
Total	Alive	1019	498	250	270	0.61	0.122^*	0.62	1051	643	136	272	0.67	0.025^#	0.69	1014	139	16	859	0.15	0.187^*	0.14

Mosquitoes analyzed were randomly selected among the dead and live mosquitoes after insecticide susceptibility tests. The frequency between dead mosquitoes and live mosquitoes were compared using statistical analysis test
^*All frequencies are not significantly different
^#All frequencies are significantly different between dead and live mosquitoes

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ISSN: 1475-2875

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