Skip to main content

Table 5 Association between study intervention, infant CO exposure and hazard for first/only episode and all episodes of malaria parasitaemia in the first year of life

From: Association between malaria and household air pollution interventions in a predominantly rural area of Ghana

Variable

Unadjusted analysis

Adjusted analysis

Hazard Ratio (95% CI)

p-value

Hazard Ratio (95% CI)

p-value

First/only episode of malaria parasitemia

 Study intervention

  Three-stone

Referent

 

Referent

 

  Biolite

1.09 (0.89–1.34)

0.357

1.05 (0.84–1.29)

0.676

  LPG

0.89(0.72–1.11)

0.315

0.89 (0.71–1.13)

0.351

  Infant CO/ppm exposure

1.01 (0.95–1.08)

0.666

1.00 (0.94–1.07)

0.916

All episodes of malaria parasitemia

 Study intervention

  Three-stone

Referent

 

Referent

 

  Biolite

1.00 (0.82–1.22)

0.974

0.94 (0.76–1.16)

0.572

  LPG

0.82 (0.66–1.02)

0.082

0.80 (0.63–1.01)

0.059

  Infant CO/ppm exposure

1.00 (0.97–1.04)

0.796

1.00 (0.97–1.04)

0.811

  1. The adjusted analysis includes maternal age, child’s sex, wealth index, nulliparity, receipt of IPTp, maternal marital status, malaria transmission season at delivery, and placental malaria