Box 1 WHO eligibility criteria [3]

Age under 5 years (as they are the most vulnerable population, and the ones where immunity is least likely to play a role in parasite and fever clearance) [7]; 

parasitologically-confirmed infection, parasite range of 1000–100,000 asexual parasites/µl for low to moderate transmission, and 2000 to 200,000 asexual parasites/µl for areas of high transmission (depending on local transmission intensities); measured axillary temperature ≥ 37.5 °C or history of fever within the last 24 h; and the exclusion of patients with danger signs of severe malaria, severe malnutrition, pregnancy and lactation, and chronic severe illness