Table 2 Summary of studies assessing the impact of insecticide resistance on the longevity of malaria vectors
From: Impact of insecticide resistance on malaria vector competence: a literature review
Study species | Origin of strains | Class of insecticides | Resistance mechanism(s) | Pre-Exposurea/Exposureb to insecticide | Effect on longevity | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
An. gambiae s.l | Field | PY | Not available | Deltamethrin and permethrina | RR longevity > SS longevity | [97] |
Field | PY & OC | kdr | Not applied | RR longevity < SS longevity | [96] | |
Field | PY | Not available | Permethrin (Net) b | RRe longevity = RRne | [98] | |
Laboratory | PY & OC | kdr & P450 | Permethrin (Hut-net) b | |||
Laboratory | PY | Not available | Deltamethrinb | RR longevity < SS longevity | [99] | |
Laboratory | PY | kdr, P450 and esterase | Not applied | RR longevity > SS longevity | [100] | |
Laboratory | OC | kdr | DDTa | RR longevity = SS longevity | [33] | |
CA | ace-1 | Bendiocarba | RR longevity > SS longevity | |||
Laboratory | OC | kdr, GSTe, P450 & Es | Not applied | RR longevity = SS longevity | [101] | |
Laboratory | OC | GSTe, P450 & Es | Not applied | RRb longevity > RRs | [102] | |
Laboratory | OC | GSTe, P450, Es;kdr | Not applied | RR longevity < SS longevity | [103] | |
DDTa | RRe longevity = RRne | |||||
Permethrina, | RRe longevity < RRne | |||||
Deltamethrina | RRe longevity < RRne | |||||
Malathion | RRe longevity < RRne | |||||
An. funestus | Field | OC | GSTe2 | Permethrin (Net) b | RR longevity > SS longevity | [104] |
Field | PY & OC | GSTe2 | Not applied | RR longevity > SS longevity | [105] | |
Laboratory | PY | Not available | Not applied | RR longevity > SS longevity | [106] | |
Laboratory | PY & CA | P450-a | Not applied | RR longevity = SS longevity | [107] | |
Laboratory | PY & CA | P450-a | Not applied | RR longevity = SS longevity | [108] | |
P450-b | RR longevity = SS longevity | |||||
P450-a/P450-b | RR longevity = SS longevity |