Unravelling the impact of insecticide-treated bed nets on childhood malaria in Malawi

Table 2 Results of binomial geostatistical mixed regression of blood smear malaria prevalence against selected covariates

	ITN population access^a		ITN use^a		Rural		year 2014		year 2017		Interaction ITN population access and ITN use
Areas	OR	P-value	OR	P-value	OR	P-value	OR	P-value	OR	P-value	OR	P-value
Malawi	0.01 (0.008–0.06)	< 0.001*	6.80 (1.38–33.43)	0.018*	3.35 (2.45–4.57)	< 0.001*	1.34 (1.09–1.65)	< 0.001*	1.09 (0.84–1.42)	0.504	4.40 (0.37–52.01)	0.239
north	0.02 (0.001–0.14)	< 0.01*	12.19 (0.32–58.22)	0.035*	1.70 (0.92–3.41)	0.0822	1.79 (1.09–2.93)	0.020*	0.90 0.48–1.69	0.752	3.99 (0.05–21.96)	0.677
central	0.07 (0.012–0.45)	< 0.001*	6.43 (1.05–39.19)	0.034*	3.67 (2.23–6.04)	< 0.001*	1.37 (1.12–1.68)	0.0019*	0.97 (0.75–1.25)	0.835	1.38 (0.11–16.70)	0.750
south	0.05 (0.0004–0.68)	0.002*	3.27 (0.06–75.16)	0.558	4.03 (2.09–7.79)	< 0.001*	1.67 (0.94–2.97)	0.078	2.07 (0.91–4.72)	0.082	12.57 (0.19–59.21)	0.137

Odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), calculated from the parameter estimates and the associated standard errors fitted using Monte Carlo maximum likelihood estimation
*Indicates significant difference (P < 0.05)
^aITN population access ranged from 0 to 1 proportion of the population having access to ITNs and ITN use ranged from 0 to 1 proportion of people sleeping under a net