Fig. 2

Possible NALFIA results after dbPCR for pan-Plasmodium and P. falciparum. The strip has 3 potential lines that can appear: a pan-Plasmodium test line (1), a P. falciparum test line (2) and a flow control line (FC). A Positive pan-Plasmodium and P. falciparum test lines, thus a P. falciparum infection or a mixed infection including P. falciparum; B Pan-Plasmodium positive test line, but negative for the P. falciparum test line. This is a Plasmodium infection with a non-falciparum species (e.g. P. vivax); C Pan-Plasmodium negative, but a positive P. falciparum line. This result is also considered positive for P. falciparum; D The NALFIA has a flow control line but the pan-Plasmodium and P. falciparum test lines are absent. This is a Plasmodium-negative test result; E Pan-Plasmodium and P. falciparum negative, but also negative for the flow control line. This NALFIA test is invalid