Type of foci | Recommended case detection and vector control measures |
---|---|
Active foci in high transmission area | • Regular passive case detection throughout the year • Regular active case detection every three months especially during transmission season with high malaria caseload • Additional reactive case detection if positive case is found • Expansion of focus area and mass screening if additional positive cases are detected during reactive case detection • Indoor residual spraying for three consecutive years |
Active foci in moderate to low transmission area | • Regular passive case detection throughout the year plus active case detection during transmission season • Reactive case detection in foci area by testing all suspected malaria cases • Distribution of LLIN to all households to get the universal coverage |
Residual non-active foci (If receptivity is present and transmission was present past 1–2 years ago) | • Regular passive case detection throughout the year plus active case detection during transmission season or if mobile and migrant population are present • Reactive case detection to all co-travellers and people having malaria risk • Testing of family members and neighbours if the household of positive case is receptive (i.e., presence of possible breeding places) and the positive case is detected late • Distribution of LLIN to residents and migrants based on receptivity and vulnerability status • Reclassification of foci and assessment of surveillance system if a locally contracted malaria case is detected and taking key immediate responses including mass screening and treatment, indoor residual spraying, and strengthening the surveillance system |
Cleared foci | • Regular passive case detection throughout the year plus weekly regular active case detection if the area is receptive and migrant population are present • Testing of all suspected malaria cases if a non-locally contracted malaria case is detected • Mass screening and treatment, distribution of personal protective measures and self-notification of fever cases if there is a possibility of re-introduction of cases • Compulsory reporting and testing of all visitors or migrant workers from other places regardless of fever • Surveillance system strengthening |