Patient adherence to prescribed artemisinin-based combination therapy in Garissa County, Kenya, after three years of health care in a conflict setting

Table 3 Bivariate (crude) and multivariate (adjusted) model of association between adherence and exposure variables

Variable	Adherent (%)	Non adherent (%)	Crude odds ratio (95% CI)	P-value	Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)	P-value
Patient education				0.06		0.18
Never attended	29 (46.0)	34 (54.0)	1		1
Primary	40 (72.7)	15 (27.3)	3.13 (1.44, 6.77)		2.44 (1.05, 5.67)
Secondary	30 (62.5)	18 (37.5)	1.95 (0.91, 4.20)		2.06 (0.90, 4.72)
Post-secondary	16 (64.0)	9 (36.0)	2.08 (0.80, 5.42)		2.84 (0.96, 8.46)
Not applicable	2 (50.0)	2 (50.0)	1.17 (0.16, 8.85)		1.55 (0.10, 24.60)
Price paid for treatment				0.05		0.07
Nothing	98 (63.6)	56 (36.4)	1		1
10 Kenyan Shillings	1 (100)	0	-		-
Other Amount	17 (46.0)	20 (54.1)	0.49 (0.24, 1.00)		0.46 (0.21, 1.02)
Don’t know	1 (33.3)	2 (66.7)	-		-
Who provided treatment				0.04		0.79
Clinic/HF pharmacist	104 (63.8)	59 (36.2)	1		1
Doctor/ clinical officer/ nurse	9 (36.0)	16 (64.0)	0.32 (0.13, 0.77)		0.65 (0.05, 8.47)
Private pharmacy	0	1 (100)	-		-
Community Health Worker	3 (60.0)	2 (40.0)	0.85 (0.14, 5.24)		0.44 (0.03, 6.15)
Don’t know	1 (100)	0	-		-
Who explained how to take				0.01		0.62
Clinic/HF pharmacist	105 (63.3)	61 (36.8)	1		1
Doctor/ clinical officer/ nurse	7 (33.3)	14 (66.7)	0.29 (0.11, 0.76)		0.50 (0.03, 7.77)
Private pharmacy	0	1 (100)	-		-
Family member/friend	1 (100)	0	-		-
Community Health Worker	1 (33.3)	2 (66.7)	0.29 (0.3, 3.27)		-
Other	2 (100)	0	-		-
Number of statements recalled by patient				0.002		0.01
Each additional correct statement recalled by patient (0–4)	117 (60.0)	78 (40.0)	1.78 (1.25, 2.54)		1.65 (1.10, 2.46)

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