High burden of malaria infection in pregnant women in a rural district of Zambia: a cross-sectional study

Malaria Journal

Table 2 Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection and parasite density at first antenatal care visit by gravidity among pregnant women of Nchelenge District in Zambia

Infection and detection method	All % (95 % CI, n/N) or n, mean^a (95 % CI)	Primigravidae % (n/N) or n, mean^a (95 % CI)	Secundigravidae % (n/N) or n, mean^a (95 % CI)	Multigravidae % (n/N) or n, mean^a (95 % CI)	P value
HIV Rapid tests (Determine^® HIV-1/2 and Uni-Gold™)	13.2 (11.3–15.3, 143/1084)	8.0 (21/261)	13.9 (23/165)	15.1 (99/658)	0.018
Malaria PCR	57.8 (54.9–60.8, 621/1074)	68.7 (178/259)	61.8 (102/165)	52.5 (341/650)	<0.001
Malaria Microscopy^b	31.8 (29.1–34.6, 343/1079)	51.0 (132/259)	37.0 (61/165)	22.9 (150/656)	<0.001
Parasite density (geometric mean)	343, 1082 (962–1217)	132, 1378 (1133–1677)	61, 1164 (897–1509)	150, 848 (714–1010)	<0.001

Of the expected samples from 1085 participants, 1074 were processed by PCR and 1079 by microscopy due to missing samples
95 % CI 95 % confidence interval, PCR polymerase chain reaction
^aGeometric mean
^bOf the 343 malaria positive samples detected by microscopy seven were found negative by PCR specific for Plasmodium falciparum detection

ISSN: 1475-2875