Fig. 6

Pfdhps genotypes by year and area. Pf: P. falciparum; dhps: dihydropteroate synthase gene; wt: wild type. The international codes of areas were used. AS Assam, CG Chhattisgarh, DL Delhi, GA Goa, HR Haryana, JH Jharkhand, KA Karnataka, MH Maharashtra, ML Meghalaya, MP Madhya Pradesh, MZ Mizoram, OR Orissa, RJ Rajasthan, UP Uttar Pradesh. In a, sample size was different for each area. AS (n = 12), CG (n = 13 and 26), DL (n = 27, 21, and 37), GA (n = 8), HR (n = 53), JH (n = 22), KA (n = 5), MH (n = 10), ML (n = 12), MP (n = 6), MZ (n = 3), OR (n = 27 and 19), RJ (n = 10), UP (n = 6). a Proportion of pfdhps 431V, 436A/F, 437G, 540E/N, 581G and 613S mutations, b proportion of pfdhps haplotypes. In b wild alleles are in lower case and mutant alleles are in upper case. Samples from Gautaum Budh Nagar (UP) was excluded from percentage calculation because of low sample size (n = 1). The map depicted here is taken from official website of Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India (https://mea.gov.in/india-at-glance.htm, accessed 15/11/2021)