From efficacy to effectiveness: a comprehensive framework for monitoring, evaluating and optimizing seasonal malaria chemoprevention programmes

Table 1 SMC M&E Framework aim and objectives

	Description	Short name
Goal	To safely^a prevent malaria cases^b in eligible children^cliving in areas targeted^d by the seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) programme^e within the intended period of protection^f	Malaria prevention
Objective 1	Maximize the number of eligible children reached and receiving the correct dose of SPAQ in targeted areas	Coverage
Objective 2	Ensure complete reporting of, and minimize occurrence of, significant adverse events following drug administration, including monitoring contraindications and other reactions to treatment, to ensure safe use of sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine	Safety
Objective 3	Gather, and make effective use of, information obtained from monitoring and evaluation activities to inform decision-making in a timely manner, and drive short- and long-term programme improvements	Decision-making
Objective 4	Secure the highest-possible degree of acceptability among caregivers of eligible children	Acceptability
Objective 5	Ensure the highest-possible quality of programme delivery in all aspects	Quality
Objective 6	Achieve the highest-possible fidelity of programme delivery	Fidelity
Objective 7	Ensure provision of appropriate inputs to meet programme demands in relation to the place, time and person	Supply and demand

^aWithout severe adverse events resulting from SMC administration
^bSevere and uncomplicated
^cDefined as meeting the current eligibility criteria for eligibility for SMC as recommended by the WHO, including being within the specified age range (3–59 months), absence of allergy, confirmed malaria or other acute illness, and other criteria
^dEncompassing the geographic area or administrative unit(s) designated for coverage by the campaign, irrespective of actual geographic coverage
^eIn this instance, defined as intermittent prophylactic administration of sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine within a defined high-transmission season
^fIn the case of SMC with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine, each course confers protection for 28 days; assuming monthly intervals between SMC cycles are maintained, the intended period of protection therefore includes the time from administration of the first course of SMC until 1 month after administration of the last monthly cycle in an annual SMC round

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