Table 2 Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of RDTs and real-time PCR versus microscopy as gold standard
Method | Test | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | PPV (95% CI) | NPV (95%CI) | Kappa (k) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Paracheck | Pure and mixed Pf | 98.8 (95.8-99.9) | 98.8 (95.7-99.9) | 98.8 (95.8-99.9) | 98.8 (95.7-99.8) | 0.98 |
Falcivax | Pure and mixed Pf | 98.2 (95-99.6) | 97 (93.2-99) | 97.1 (93.4-99.1) | 98.2 (94.8-99.6) | 0.95 |
Onsite Pf | Pure and mixed Pf | 93.6 (88.8-96.7) | 97.6 (94-99.3) | 97.6 (93.9-99.3) | 93.7 (89-96.8) | 0.91 |
Onsite Pf/Pv | Pure and mixed Pf | 92.4 (87.4-95.9) | 98.8 (95.7-99.9) | 98.8 (95.6-99.8) | 92.7 (87.8-96.1) | 0.91 |
PCR | Pure and mixed Pf | 97.1 (93.3-99) | 97.6 (94-99.3) | 97.6 (94.1-99.4) | 97 (93.2-99) | 0.95 |
Falcivax | Pure and mixed Pv | 90.5 (69.6-98.8) | 99.7 (98.3-100) | 95 (75.1-99.9) | 99.4 (97.7-99.9) | 0.92 |
Onsite Pf/Pv | Pure and mixed Pv | 90.5 (69.6-98.8) | 98.7 (96.8-99.7) | 82.6 (61.2-95) | 99.4 (97.7-99.9) | 0.85 |
PCR | Pure and mixed Pv | 95.2 (76.2-99.9) | 98.1 (95.9-99.6) | 76.9 (56.4-91) | 99.7 (98.2-100) | 0.84 |