Visual and olfactory associative learning in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto

Malaria Journal

Table 1 Bi-directional conditioning experiment for short-term visual memory in Anopheles gambiae females using contrasted membrane qualities

Association	Chequered/Sausage skin		White/Sausage skin		χ ²	p-value
Membrane	Sausage skin^†	Parafilm^†	Sausage skin^†	Parafilm^†	-	-
Time (min)	n	n	n	n
2	17	15	10	9	0.17	0.674
4	18	10	11	7	3.17	0.075
6	17	8	13	4	7.70	0.006
8	15	4	12	4	10.89	0.001
10	18	1	14	3	24.79	< 0.001

† Both membrane types were covered by an extra layer of Parafilm to ensure similar appearances
The change in number of females on two blood feeders with contrasting membrane qualities (sausage skin or Parafilm) used as reinforcing stimuli associated with chequered and white visual patterns for bi-directional conditioning was recorded. The position of each feeder was alternated every 2 min (see methods for details). Significant results are in bold

ISSN: 1475-2875