Table 1 In vitro anti-plasmodial, cytotoxic and haemolytic activity of crude extracts and pure compound (1) obtained from Dicoma tomentosa (n = 3)
Pure compound | Yield (in the plant) | IC503D7 μg/ml (μM) | IC50W2 μg/ml (μM) | IC50WI38 μg/ml (μM) | SI 3D7 | SI W2 | Haemolysis (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Compound 1 = urospermal-15-O-acetate (MM = 320.34) | 0.64% | 0.92 ± 0.05 (= 2.87 ± 0.16) | 0.77 ± 0.25 (= 2.41 ± 0.78) | 3.03 ± 0.18 ( = 9.47 ± 0.56) | 3.3 | 3.9 | < 1% |
Extracts | Yield (%) | IC 50 3D7 (μg/ml) | IC 50 W2 (μg/ml) | IC 50 WI38 (μg/ml) | SI 3D7 | SI W2 | Haemolysis (%) |
Petroleum ether | 1.8% | 23.2 ± 3.1 | 21.2 ± 2.2 | 22.0 ± 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.0 | < 1% |
Hexane | 1.7% | 18.7 ± 2.9 | 17.7 ± 1.2 | 32.9 ± 4.0 | 1.8 | 1.9 | < 1% |
Dichloromethane | 5.4% | 3.4 ± 1.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 11.5 ± 0.4 | 3.3 | 6.1 | < 1% |
Diethylether | 3.4% | 3.9 ± 0.6 | 4.8 ± 0.7 | 6.5 ± 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.3 | < 1% |
Ethylacetate | 4.1% | 4.4 ± 1.1 | 4.6 ± 0.3 | 5.9 ± 0.6 | 1.3 | 1.3 | < 1% |
Methanol | 11.1% | 5.8 ± 2.0 | 3.0 ± 0.5 | 19.9 ± 5.4 | 3.5 | 6.7 | < 1% |
Ethanol 50% (v/v) | 16.2% | 12.9 ± 3.0 | 9.7 ± 1.1 | 28.4 ± 2.9 | 2.2 | 2.9 | < 1% |
Hot water | 20.3% | 12.8 ± 2.4 | 6.7 ± 1.0 | 47.2 ± 2.9 | 3.7 | 7.0 | < 1% |