Exploring the impact of targeted distribution of free bed nets on households bed net ownership, socio-economic disparities and childhood malaria infection rates: analysis of national malaria survey data from three sub-Saharan Africa countries

Njau, Joseph D; Stephenson, Rob; Menon, Manoj; Kachur, S Patrick; McFarland, Deborah A

doi:10.1186/1475-2875-12-245

Table 2 Multilevel model results with an outcome of RDT confirmed malaria parasitaemia in children

From: Exploring the impact of targeted distribution of free bed nets on households bed net ownership, socio-economic disparities and childhood malaria infection rates: analysis of national malaria survey data from three sub-Saharan Africa countries

Total observations (N)	Angola 1,125		Tanzania 3,109		Uganda 1,954
*Children’s RDT confirmed malaria*	*mfx dy/dx*	Confidence intervals	*mfx dy/dx*	Confidence intervals	*mfx dy/dx*	Confidence intervals
Age of household head	−0.009	−0.0012 – 0.0032	0.006	−0.0004 – 0.0016	0.001	−0.0005 – 0.0029
Gender (Male-headed households)	−0.023	−0.0977 – 0.0502	−0.029*	−0.0637 – 0.0049	0.010	−0.0381 – 0.0690
Education of household head	−0.009	−0.0776 – 0.0593	0.027*	−0.0023 – 0.0567	0.015	−0.0386 – 0.0690
Place of domicile	0.022**	−0.0781 – 0.1228	0.055*	0.0005 – 0.1097	0.050	−0.1701 – 0.0688
Household wealth	−0.034***	−0.1543 – 0.0773	−0.070***	−0.0943 – 0.0267	−0.116***	−0.1876 - -0.0583
Malaria endemicity	0.010*	−0.0778 – 0.0572	0.095***	0.0357 – 0.1561	0.288**	−0.5526 - -0.0247
Size of the household	0.015*	0.0021 – 0.0285	0.004	−0.0059 – 0.0050	0.005	−0.0163 – 0.0055
Number of children aged <5 years	−0.025**	−0.1787 – -0.0181	0.049***	0.0331 – 0.6565	−0.044**	−0.0742 - -0.0156
Ownership and use of any bed net	−0.055**	−0.1187 – 0.0083	−0.034*	−0.1233 – 0.0387	−0.098***	−0.0419 – 0.1494
Access to media	NA	NA	−0.016	−0.0425 – 0.0094	−0.034	−0.0149 – 0.0848
Proximity to health facilities	NA	NA	0.084***	0.0560 – 0.1128	0.102***	0.0525 – 0.1521
Existence of free bed-net distribution	0.251	0.0226 – 0.4801	−0.015*	−0.0134 – 0.0405	−0.082**	0.1479 – 0.0494
Interaction term (free bed net/wealth)	−0.046**	−0.0668 – 0.1772	−0.009	−0.0612 – 0.0415	−0.064	−0.0393 – 0.1690
*Predicted marginal effects for free bed-net distributions and wealth with reported positive malaria case in children*
	Angola		Tanzania		Uganda
Dependent variable: *Malaria*	Marginal effects: (dy/dx)		Marginal effects: (dy/dx)		Marginal effects: (dy/dx)
1 Wealth	−0.034*		−0.070***		−0.116***
2 Free bed-net distribution	0.251*		−0.015		−0.081**
3 Scenarios for interaction term (free bed nets/wealth)
No free bed nets in poorer households	0.190***		0.257***		0.414***
No free bed nets in wealthier households	0.168***		0.187***		0.291***
Free bed nets in poorer	0.476***		0.272***		0.323***
households
Free bed nets in wealthier households	0.431***		0.199***		0.218***

Note: * statistically significant at 10% level, ** significant at 5% level and, *** refers to significance level equal to or, less than 1%.

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ISSN: 1475-2875

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