Clinical relevance of different biomarkers in imported plasmodium falciparum malaria in adults: a case control study

Table 2 Biomarkers in complicated malaria (CM) versus uncomplicated malaria (UM), measured within 24 hours after first presentation

	CM / UM	Number (n)	Median value	AUROC	P-value*	95% CI
Inflammatory markers
Copeptin (pmol/l)	CM	12	12.5	0.596	0.293	0.420	0.771
Copeptin (pmol/l)	UM	67	8.9	0.596	0.293	0.420	0.771
CRP (mg/l)	CM	12	165.5	0.771	0.003	0.645	0.896
CRP (mg/l)	UM	67	78.0	0.771	0.003	0.645	0.896
Endothelial markers
MPO (pmol/l)	CM	12	4747.8	0.699	0.029	0.569	0.829
MPO (pmol/l)	UM	67	2827.1	0.699	0.029	0.569	0.829
Elastase-2 (ng/ml)	CM	12	2850.5	0.562	0.495	0.416	0.708
Elastase-2 (ng/ml)	UM	67	3227.0	0.562	0.495	0.416	0.708
sICAM-1 (ng/ml)	CM	12	257.0	0.784	0.003	0.650	0.919
sICAM-1 (ng/ml)	UM	67	136.4	0.784	0.003	0.650	0.919
sVCAM-1 (ng/ml)	CM	12	1657.5	0.752	0.006	0.604	0.900
sVCAM-1 (ng/ml)	UM	67	1020.0	0.752	0.006	0.604	0.900
Coagulation markers
Fibrinogen (g/l)	CM	12	4.7	0.482	0.842	0.287	0.676
Fibrinogen (g/l)	UM	59	5.0	0.482	0.842	0.287	0.676
D-dimers (mg/l)	CM	7	3.7	0.775	0.019	0.643	0.915
D-dimers (mg/l)	UM	51	1.4	0.775	0.019	0.643	0.915
Platelets (x1000/μl)	CM	12	51.0	0.777	0.002	0.646	0.908
Platelets (x1000/μl)	UM	67	91.0	0.777	0.002	0.646	0.908
Haemolysis marker
LDH (U/l)	CM	12	385.0	0.810	< 0.001	0.697	0.924
LDH (U/l)	UM	65	260.0	0.810	< 0.001	0.697	0.924
GMPD (parasites/μl)	CM	12	255,946	0.926	< 0.001	0.826	1.000
GMPD (parasites/μl)	UM	66	10,635	0.926	< 0.001	0.826	1.000

Only showing markers that distinguish well between malaria patients and healthy controls 95% CI = 95% Confidence Interval for AUROC; GMPD = geometric mean parasite density.
*P-value for AUROC.

ISSN: 1475-2875