Chitinase 3-like 1 is induced by Plasmodium falciparum malaria and predicts outcome of cerebral malaria and severe malarial anaemia in a case–control study of African children

Table 2 Performance of CHI3L1 alone and in combination for predicting mortality among children with severe malaria ^a

Markers	Cut-point^b	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	PLR^c	NLR	PPV (%)^d	NPV (%)
CHI3L1	≥179.1 ng/mL	91.3 (73.2-97.6)	67.5 (56.6-76.7)	2.8 (2.0-3.9)	0.13 (0.034-0.49)	14.5 (5.0-30.3)	99.2 (93.1-100)
CHI3L1, IP-10, sICAM-1	≥2 points	91.3 (73.2-97.5)	83.8 (74.2-90.3)	5.6 (3.4-9.4)	0.10 (0.028-0.39)	25.4 (9.2-48.8)	99.4 (94.4-100)
CHI3L1, Ang-2, IP-10	≥2 points	100 (85.7-100)	81.3 (71.3-88.3)	5.3 (3.4-8.4)	--	24.4 (9.4-46.0)	100 (95.4-100)
CHI3L1, Ang-2, sICAM-1	≥2 points	95.7 (79.0-99.2)	81.3 (71.3-88.3)	5.1 (3.2-8.1)	0.054 (0.008-0.37)	23.6 (8.6-45.7)	99.7 (94.8-100)

^aAll parameters are presented with 95% CIs in parentheses. ^bCut-points were determined using the Youden Index (J = max[sensitivity + specificity – 1]). ^cPLR, positive likelihood ratio; NLR, negative likelihood ratio; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; sICAM-1, soluble ICAM-1, Ang-2, angiopoietin-2. ^dPPVs and NPVs were based on estimates that 5.7% of CM and SMA patients at Mulago hospital die of their malaria infection [34].

ISSN: 1475-2875